role of IL-35 and IL-22 in patients with allergic rhinitis and their correlation with severity of disease in Najaf province

Abstract

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a non-infectious disorder of the upper respiratory system that is recognized by nasal obstruction, nasal itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea induced by inhaled allergens and involves mucosal inflammation. Despite various medicines are available to manage AR but not all have been shown to be effective in all patients, and thus necessitating the development of innovative therapeutics. Objectives: This study was designed to measure the serum levels of IL-22 and IL-35 in Allergic Rhinitis patients and assessing their correlation with disease severity. Materials and Methods: This study included 48 patients with AR and 42 healthy controls. IL-35 and IL-22 were measured using ELAISA kits while the Allergic sensitization of patients was demonstrated by measuring IgE and Eosinophil count. Severity scores of AR patients were calculated using ARIA's recommendations for Total Nasal Symptoms Score (TNSS). The AR patients were divided into three groups based on these scores: mild (n=16), moderate (n=12), and severe (n=20). Results: Serum levels of IL-35 and IL-22 were compared between AR patients and control group: IL-22 was indicated as higher (P=0.0001) in AR patients while the levels of IL-35 detected an inverse result as being lower (P=0.037) in AR patients than control group.

Mechanism of Th17 and Treg in Allergic Rhinitis

“…Though clinical studies regarding IL-22 in AR is highly controversial, all illustrated a IL-22 level increase in patients with allergic airway diseases, and a clinical study of house dust mite induced AR mice model suggests that in nasal lavage and serum, higher level of IL-22 is positively related to IL-10 level, leading them to conclude an anti-inflammatory function of IL-22 that is supported by Al-Saeedi and others [1]. However, another study shows that serum IL-22 is positively associated with IL-10 yet negatively associated with nasal lavage IL-22, which might be explained by the immunosuppressive effect of IL-22 only in early stages of immune response.…”