Role of Escherichia coli in acute diarrhoea in tribal preschool children of central India

Abstract

Five hundred and eighty preschool children belonging to tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh were followed up daily for the presence of diarrhoea for a period of 1 year. In all, 1236 episodes of diarrhoea were recorded with an average of 2.13 episodes per child per year. Stool samples were collected during 780 episodes. They were cultured to isolate Escherichia coli as well as non-E. coli enteropathogens. Ten different genes were detected to identify all diarrhoeagenic E. coli using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Enteroaggregative E. coli was the commonest diarrhoeagenic E. coli and was isolated from 64 children, followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (27), enterotoxigenic E. coli (10) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (2). Other enteropathogens detected were bacteria such as Shigella sp, Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella sp, parasites such as Giardia lamblia and Entameba histolytica, and rotavirus. Most of the bacterial pathogens were multi-drug resistant. The study shows that diarrhoeagenic E. coli contribute significantly to the burden of acute diarrhoea in tribal preschool children.

Enteroaggregative <i>Escherichia coli</i>: a public health hazard in Yaoundé, Cameroon?

“…AstA-positive EAEC were not significantly associated with diarrhoea in this study (26.1% in cases, 25.5% in controls). These results, in accordance with those reported from Nigeria (Okeke et al, 2000b), contrasted with those obtained during a similar investigation in Brazil (Zamboni et al, 2004) and in India (Anvikar et al, 2008). The question whether astA-positive EAEC could be regarded as a health issue in Cameroon, in spite of its lack of association with diarrhoea is then posed.…”

Meta-analysis in microbiology

“…Findings showed that all subgroups had more imprecise ORs compared with the overall pooled OR and that only the statistically powerful studies (>80%) and those that used the "gold standard" HEp2 assay reflected the significant overall effect [ Figure 3a]. Second, using the Galbraith plot method, [17] five outliers were detected, showing three studies above [13,16,18] and two below [11,12] the confidence limits [ Figure 4]. The outcome of outlier analysis increased the number of significant ORs, narrowed all CIs, in the overall and subgroups conferring greater precision on the pooled ORs [ Figure 3b].…”

“…The dotted lines are positioned two units above and below the solid line and delimit an area in which, in the absence of statistical heterogeneity, the majority (95%) of the study results would be expected to lie. Those situated above [13,16,18] and below [11,12] …”

“…In this figure, ORs of the 18 studies are each represented by a blue square and a black horizontal line, representing the point estimate and 95% CIs, respectively. Of the 18 studies, six do not cross the vertical line, two [11,12] of which are in the decreased risk area and the remaining four [13][14][15][16] in the increased risk area. The 95% CIs of all these studies do not cross 1.0 (null effect) indicating significant effects (P ≤ 0.05) and those of the remaining 12 studies cross the vertical line indicating that the effect estimates were non-significant (P > 0.05).…”

Desenvolvimento de cepas de Mycobacterium bovis Calmette-Guérin (BCG) e Mycobacterium smegmatis que expressam fatores de virulência de Escherichia coli enteropatogênica (EPEC).

“…Fosfolipídeos estão sendo identificados como potenciais receptores para BFP. Sabese ainda, que EPEC liga-se a fosfatidiletanolamina de maneira específica e dose dependente (BARNETT et al, 1999).…”