Role of Homopolymer Suppressors in UV and Radiation Grafting in the Presence of Novel Additives

Dworjanyn, P. A.; Garnett, J. L.; Long, Mervyn A.; Nho, Young Chang; Khan, Murtaza

doi:10.1021/bk-1993-0527.ch008

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…[9][10] It is well known that the The degree of grafting was determined as follows: addition of certain metal salts to the reaction mixture can suppress the formation of the homopolymer, thus leaving the monomers free to take part Degree of grafting (%) Å W g 0 W 0 W 0 1 100 in the grafting reaction and facilitating the isolation of the resulting copolymers. [11][12] Recently, it has been reported that the grafting reactivity of radiawhere W 0 and W g are the weights of the PP fabric tion-peroxidized polyethylene film can also be kept samples before and after grafting, respectively. at room temperature for more than 3 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activities of acrylic acid‐grafted polypropylene fabric and its metallic salt

Park

Kim

Nho

et al. 1998

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Acrylic acid (AAc) was grafted onto polypropylene (PP) fabric by a preirradiation method using a 60 Co gamma ray. The effects of the absorbed dose, the reaction temperature, reaction time, storage time, as well as the addition effect of ferrous ion and sulphuric acid on the degree of grafting, were determined. It was shown that the synergistic effect of a strong acid with ferrous sulfate can increase the grafting yield. Antibacterial activities on metallic complexes of acrylic acid-grafted polypropylene (AAc-g-PP) fabric were evaluated by a viable cell counting method. An Ag complexed fabric had strong biocidal effect for all bacteria. Fe, Cu, and Zn complexed fabrics had different antibacterial activities depending on each bacterium. However, AAc-g-PP fabric and Ni-complexed fabric did not have bactericidal effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The grafting yield was much higher in the When reaction (12) proceeds, the grafting reaction occurs; whereas with reaction (13), the backbone polymer radical abstracts H atoms from the methanol, leading to…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activities of acrylic acid‐grafted polypropylene fabric and its metallic salt

Park

Kim

Nho

et al. 1998

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Styrene undergoes slow radical polymerization and thus can be considered to be a suitable monomer for UV grafting to substrates as long UV exposures, which are normally required for grafting, can be applied 14, 17. It has been used as a comonomer with MMA in order to reduce homopolymerization of MMA and improve grafting of this monomer to cellulose and PP substrates under the influence of either ionising or UV radiation, with photoinitiators (PIs) normally being required in the latter technique 13, 15.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been used as a comonomer with MMA in order to reduce homopolymerization of MMA and improve grafting of this monomer to cellulose and PP substrates under the influence of either ionising or UV radiation, with photoinitiators (PIs) normally being required in the latter technique 13, 15. Styrene has been successfully grafted to PP substrate utilising both gamma and UV irradiation methods and the extent of grafting was found to be mainly dependent on factors such as styrene concentration, solvent, the type of PI when a UV source was used and the PI concentrations in the reaction solutions 13, 14, 17. One important property of styrene is its ability to co‐polymerize and co‐graft with a number of monomers, such as acrylates, methacrylates and AN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Styrene undergoes slow radical polymerization and thus can be considered to be a suitable monomer for UV grafting to substrates as long UV exposures, which are normally required for grafting, can be applied. 14,17 It has been used as a comonomer with MMA in order to reduce homopolymerization of MMA and improve grafting of this monomer to cellulose and PP substrates under the influence of either ionising or UV radiation, with photoinitiators (PIs) normally being required in the latter technique. 13,15 Styrene has been successfully grafted to PP substrate utilising both gamma and UV irradiation methods and the extent of grafting was found to be mainly dependent on factors such as styrene concentration, solvent, the type of PI when a UV source was used and the PI concentrations in the reaction solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoinitiator‐free UV grafting of styrene, a weak donor, with various electron‐poor vinyl monomers to polypropylene film

Nguyen

Adeloju³

2004

Polymer International

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This study investigated the possibility of using styrene, a weak donor forming donor(D)/acceptor(A) pairs with electron‐poor (EP) vinyl monomers, for initiating spontaneous photopolymerization and photografting of the copolymers onto polypropylene. Maleic anhydride (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate (MAC), dimethyl maleate (DMMA), acrylonitrile (AN) and acrylic acid (AA) were the EP monomers used. Grafting yields together with FTIR analyses were used to confirm the presence of grafting. Styrene/MMA and styrene/AN systems achieved significant grafting, but such levels of grafting were not observed in the styrene/MAC and styrene/DMMA systems. No grafting was observed for styrene/AA or styrene/MA systems, but the latter system underwent photopolymerization. The effect of solvents on grafting was evaluated on styrene/MMA and styrene/AN systems and dimethylformamide (DMF) was found to retard grafting of both D/A systems. In contrast, chloroform and methanol enhanced grafting of the styrene/AN system although these two solvents had no significant effect on the grafting of the styrene/MMA system. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry

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Surface modification of jute yarn by photografting of low‐glass transition temperature monomers

Sawpan

Khan

Abedin

2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Jute yarns were grafted with three types of vinyl monomers of different functionalities such as methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) with ultraviolet radiation. The graft copolymerization reaction between the cellulose of the jute fibers and the monomer and the chemical environment of the treated fibers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The reduction of OH groups and increment of ϾCAO groups in treated jute yarns were observed. DSC studies showed that the treated jute fibers were more thermally stable compared to the untreated one. The surface topography of the yarns was analyzed by an environmental scanning electron microscope. Different parameters, such as concentration of monomers and irradiation time, were optimized with the extent of mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break of the jute yarn. MA, EA, and HEA produced enhanced tensile strengths of 87, 78, and 85%, respectively. The monomers MA, EA, and HEA showed improved elongations at break of 118, 91, and 76%, respectively. The water uptake of treated and untreated jute yarns were studied. The maximum water uptake was observed of the grafted sample compared to the untreated jute yarn. The effects of additives such as urea on mechanical properties were also studied.

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Role of Homopolymer Suppressors in UV and Radiation Grafting in the Presence of Novel Additives

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Antibacterial activities of acrylic acid‐grafted polypropylene fabric and its metallic salt

Antibacterial activities of acrylic acid‐grafted polypropylene fabric and its metallic salt

Photoinitiator‐free UV grafting of styrene, a weak donor, with various electron‐poor vinyl monomers to polypropylene film

Surface modification of jute yarn by photografting of low‐glass transition temperature monomers

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