Role of HLA-DR bearing Langerhans and epidermal indeterminate cells in the in vitro generation of alloreactive cytotoxic T cells in man

Faure, Michel; Frappaz, A.; Schmitt, Daniel; Dezutter‐Dambuyant, Colette; Thivolet, J

doi:10.1016/0008-8749(84)90306-x

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…During challenge reactions in sensitized humans, Silberberg [26] reported the frequent apposition of lymphocytes to LC. Further studies showed that LC are antigenpresenting cells [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]: receptors for IgG and C3, receptors for C4, receptors for IgE, secretion of ILl, induction of allogeneic and antigenspecific activation and generation of cytotoxic T cells. Ultrastructurai features are similar to those of monocytes/promonocytes but with Birbeck granules [7].…”

Section: Cellular Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precursors of Langerhans cells

Miséry¹,

Dezutter‐Dambuyant

1995

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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LC are dendritic cells localized in the supra-basal layer of the epidermis and in mucous epithelia. Their density ranges from 200 to 900 cells/mm". Their first function is to take an antigen, process it and present the processed antigen to the lymphocytes ([1] Misery L. La cellule de Langerhans. Editions Techniques, Encycl. Med. Chir. Dermatologie 1994;12-220-B-10). They are involved in numerous diseases.The origin of these cells has been debated but a consensus has now been reached. Langerhans cells (LC) were first described in 1868 by Paul Langerhans {[2] Uber die Nerven der menschlichen Haut. Virch Arch A (Pathol Anat) 1868;44:325-337). He thought that it was a nerve cell. LC were first considered to be a component of the nervous system because their dendritic processes are similar to nerve fibers and because of their staining by gold chloride. Other authors have discussed a possible relationship with melanocytes. LC were regarded either as melanocytes, the progeny of melanocytes after division, or as melanocytes in an arrested stage of development ([3] Masson P. My conception of cellular naevi. Cancer 1951;4:9-15; [4] Fan J, Schoenfeld RJ, Hunter J. A study of the epidermal clear cells with special reference to their relationship to the cells of Langerhans. J Invest Dermatol 1959;32:445-450; [5] Zelickson AS. Granule formation in the Langerhans cell. J Invest Dermatol l%6;47:498-502). SlOO protein is expressed on melanocytes, on nerve cells and on LC ([6] Cocchia D, Michetti F, Donato R. Immunochemical and immunocytochemical localization of SlOO antigen in normal human skin. Nature 1981;294:85-87), but this does not imply that there is a common lineage. Subsequent research showed that this cell is in fact an immune cell. Electron microscopy has given us a new and very important insight into the nature of LC. Thus, there is no tonofilament. no desmosome and no melanosome ([7] Birbeck MS, Breathnach AS, Everall JD. An electron microscopy study of basal melanocyte and high level clear cell (Langerhans cell) in vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 1961;37:51-63). The most important ultrastructural feature is the presence of Birbeck * Corresponding author. Tel.: (33) 72 34 48 22; fax: (33) 72 33 71 31. 0926-9959/95/$09.50 © 1995 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved SSDI 0926-9959(94)00080-1 L. Misery, C, Dezutter-Dambuyant /J. Eur. Acad. Dermalot. Venereol. 5 (1995) 124-131

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Section: Cellular Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precursors of Langerhans cells

Miséry¹,

Dezutter‐Dambuyant

1995

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…EC in culture dishes, after change of the culture medium, were labelled in complete culture medium with Na2 ^'CrO4 (CEA, France) (100/^Ci per 5x10" cultured EC), for 90 min at 37°C in a CO2 incubator with occasional shaking. The cells were then washed three times and mixed in culture dishes with PBL grown in MSLR (or grown in the absence of SEC as controls) in C-RPMI with an effector to target cell ratio of 20:1 [14,20]. The plates were incubated for 18 h at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere, and 0.2 ml of the supernatant was then sampled directly from each culture plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Control ^'Cr release from targets in the presence of unstimulated PB cells (10 experiments) did not differ from the spontaneous Cr release from EC incubated without effector cells (Table I). The percentage of specific cytolysis was therefore indicated in every set of experiments, using as 'controls' the counts per minute obtained after an 18-h release assay with unstimulated cells as effectors, as also previously indicated with PB cells as targets of CTL activity [14]. PBL from autologous MSLR (six cases) were incapable of specific lysis when tested against EC from the same donors (CA=O).…”

Section: Langerhans Cells and Alloreactive Ctl 443mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the in vitro tnixed-skin cell lymphocyte culture reaction (MSLR) human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) proliferate on stimulation with either allogenic or autologous epidermal cells (EC) [9,10], The MSLR exhibits characteristics of an immune response, memory and specificity, and is in many respects similar to the classical one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) [28], The stimulating ability of EC has been related to the expression by human EC of HLA class I antigens and/or to the presence among EC of Langerhans cells (LC) and dendritic indeterminate cells (IC), which express the HLA-DR-Ia-like (class II) antigens [10,15], Moreover, it has been shown in animals that generation of alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) occurs during the MSLR [12,22], We recently demonstrated that a similar phenomenon also happens when using human PBL and EC in allogeneic MSLR [14],…”

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confidence: 99%

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Human Epidermal Cell‐Induced Generation of Alloreactive Cytotoxic T‐Lymphocyte Responses against Epidermal Cells

et al. 1985

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Human epidermal cells act as stimulators in the mixed-skin cell lymphocyte culture reaction (MSLR). To analyse the generation in MSLR of alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in cell-mediated cytolysis of human epidermal cells. a phenomenon suggested by various observations of skin inflammatory processes in vivo, 18-h 51Cr-release assays against epidermal cells cultivated on collagen-coated plates (epidermal cells autologous to the stimulator cells in MSLR) were conducted after allogenic human MSLR. To analyse the role of human Langerhans cells and related epidermal dendritic cells, which are the only cells expressing the DR-Ia-like (class II) antigens in normal epidermis and in suspensions of normal epidermal cells, MSLR and CTL assays were conducted with, as stimulator cells, suspensions of normal human epidermal cells as controls, and, in parallel, suspensions of epidermal cells after preincubation with anti-class II monoclonal antibody and complement. The generation of alloreactive CTL to epidermal cells occurred only after allogenic MSLR and when targets and stimulator cells were from the same donor; it was abolished when epidermal cell suspensions used in MSLR were depleted in HLA-DR-expressing cells. These findings demonstrate that an epidermal cell-induced generation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity to human epidermal cells may occur in vitro. Langerhans cells and other class II antigen-expressing epidermal cells (dendritic indeterminate cells) are necessary for an optimal in vitro sensitization in MSLR and the subsequent generation of alloreactive CTL towards epidermal cells in man.

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“…This proto col was initiated because class-II molecules in skin are important recognition antigens for graft-versus-host disease in vivo and in the mixed lymphocyte response in vitro. At least the latter can be blocked with antibody directed at this moiety [22,23]. Incubation of HSTSG with anti-HLA DR (Becton Dick inson, Mt.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of and Treatment to Inhibit the Rejection of Human Split-Thickness Skin Grafts by Congenitally Athymic (Nude) Rats

Gilhar¹,

Wojciechowski²,

Piepkorn³

et al. 1986

Pathobiology

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Gradual rejection of topically engrafted human split-thickness skin grafts (HSTSG) occurred in greater than 90% of congenitally athymic (nude) rats between 21 and 42 days of grafting. Engraftment and rejection of HSTSG is accompanied by a partial restoration of some cell-mediated immune components, the mixed lymphocyte response and lysis of human target cells. Histologic features of the rejection process were those seen in a host-versus-graft reaction. Immunofluorescent analysis of skin undergoing rejection demonstrated IgG at the basement membrane zone in most grafts. Nude rats rejecting HSTSG had circulating IgG which bound to the basement membrane zone and blood vessels of human skin. Nude rats treated with cyclosporine injections for 21 days had an enhanced survival of HSTSG, 120 or more days.

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Role of HLA-DR bearing Langerhans and epidermal indeterminate cells in the in vitro generation of alloreactive cytotoxic T cells in man

Cited by 34 publications

References 24 publications

Precursors of Langerhans cells

Precursors of Langerhans cells

Human Epidermal Cell‐Induced Generation of Alloreactive Cytotoxic T‐Lymphocyte Responses against Epidermal Cells

Description of and Treatment to Inhibit the Rejection of Human Split-Thickness Skin Grafts by Congenitally Athymic (Nude) Rats

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