Role of Haematological Indices, Interleukin-10, Tumour Necrosis Factor and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Gastric Ulcer Healing in Obese Wistar Rats: Effect of Garlic Oil

Abstract

Haematological indices, cytokines and growth factors are among the factors that impact inflammatory processes. The impact of obesity on gastric ulcer (GU) healing is not fully known. Natural products like garlic oil (GO) which may be readily available and accessible choice, especially for the less privileged population are worth studying as regards its effect on gastric ulcer healing. Male Wistar rats (80) weighing 120 g -140 g were randomly placed in 10 groups consisting eight each. Groups 1 to 5 were fed regular rat chow while groups 6 to 10 were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks and weight were recorded weekly. By week 8, GU was induced with acetic acid in all rats except Groups 1 and 6 respectively. Rats in Group 2 and 7 were treated with normal saline (NS), Groups3, 4 and 5 were treated with 30mg/kg GO, 60mg/kg GO and 20mg/kg omeprazole respectively, while groups 8, 9 and 10 were likewise treated as above. Ulcer healing was assessed by measuring ulcer area by days 3 and 7 after ulcer induction. Ulcer area was significantly larger in obese group compared to negative control. Total white cell count was elevated in groups treated with garlic oil compared to normal control. GO increased level of interleukin-10, vascular epithelial growth factor and reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. We conclude that garlic oil is beneficial for gastric ulcer healing in obesity state.