Role of Gut Microbiota in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Wu, Panyun; Zhu, Tengteng; Tan, Zhen; Chen, Shenglan; Fang, Zhenfei

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.812303

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Pathologic triggers are believed to prime cells in the pulmonary arterioles to excessive proliferation that leads to narrowing and obliteration of the vessel lumen, and thus, elevated pulmonary artery pressure 63 . There is a growing body of evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating that gut microbiota and its by‐products play a role in the development of PH 11,64,65 . The full process is complex and poorly understood, but an important finding is that microorganisms of the gut are also present in the lungs, 10 and these include Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes , Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes , and Proteobacteria 66 …”

Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Pulmonary Hypertension (Ph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, various bacterial communities are associated with TMA/TMAO production, including Coriobacteriales which is significantly increased in PH 6 (Table 2). 7 TMAO promotes the proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, by upregulating inflammatory factors 11,68 . Endothelial dysfunction has also been shown to be influenced by TMAO via inflammatory pathways that lead to endothelial hyperpermeability 58,69 .…”

Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Pulmonary Hypertension (Ph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…63 There is a growing body of evidence from both preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating that gut microbiota and its byproducts play a role in the development of PH. 11,64,65 The full process is complex and poorly understood, but an important finding is that microorganisms of the gut are also present in the lungs, 10 and these include Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. 66 The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in PH Anaerobic Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes make up >90% of the total bacterial species in healthy individuals.…”

Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Pulmonary Hypertension (Ph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gut microbiota can release these factors (which could be inflammatory, genetic, or metabolic) into the circulation where they can reach and impact 3,4 other parts of the body 9 describe in this paper as crosstalk 10 . This is observed for example, when short‐chain fatty acids (butyrate, propionate, and acetate) are produced by bacterial fermentation of indigestible polysaccharides and triggers the release of the satietogenic hormone glucagon‐like peptide‐1 from enteroendocrine L‐cells 11 . These hormones travel through the body via blood circulation to the hypothalamus where they can regulate ingestive behavior 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut microbiota crosstalk mechanisms are key in pulmonary hypertension: The involvement of melatonin is instrumental too

Jacobs,

Payne,

Shaboodien

et al. 2023

Pulm. circ.

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The microbiota refers to a plethora of microorganisms with a gene pool of approximately three million, which inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract or gut. The latter, not only promotes the transport of nutrients, ions, and fluids from the lumen to the internal environment but is linked with the development of diseases including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and lung diseases. The exact mechanism of how the microbiota achieves crosstalk between itself and distant organs/tissues is not clear, but factors released to other organs may play a role, like inflammatory and genetic factors, and now we highlight melatonin as a novel mediator of the gut‐lung crosstalk. Melatonin is present in high concentrations in the gut and the lung and has recently been linked to the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this comprehensive review of the literature, we suggest that melatonin is an important link between the gut microbiota and the development of PH (where suppressed melatonin‐crosstalk between the gut and lungs could promote the development of PH). More studies are needed to investigate the link between the gut microbiota, melatonin and PH. Studies could also investigate whether microbiota genes play a role in the epigenetic aspects of PH. This is relevant because, for example, dysbiosis (caused by epigenetic factors) could reduce melatonin signaling between the gut and lungs, reduce subcellular melatonin concentrations in the gut/lungs, or reduce melatonin serum levels secondary to epigenetic factors. This area of research is largely unexplored and further studies are warranted.

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Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Pulmonary Hypertension (Ph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Pulmonary Hypertension (Ph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Gut Microbiota In Pulmonary Hypertension (Ph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gut microbiota crosstalk mechanisms are key in pulmonary hypertension: The involvement of melatonin is instrumental too

Jacobs,

Payne,

Shaboodien

et al. 2023

Pulm. circ.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gut dysbiosis leads to a decrease in SCFAs and exacerbated inflammation and pulmonary HTN (105). Normal SCFAproducing bacteria include Bacteroides, Prevotella, Iprevo, Ricinobacter butyricum, Eubacterium, Stinrobacter, and Clostridium IV (92).…”

Section: E Ect Of Metabolites Of the Gut Microbiome On The Pathogenes...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome sheds light on the development and treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Ling

Wang

Xue

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an inflammatory vascular disease with high disability and mortality. Its susceptible risk factors include old age, being male, smoking, hypertension, and aortic atherosclerosis. With the improvement of screening techniques, AAA incidence and number of deaths caused by aneurysm rupture increase annually, attracting much clinical attention. Due to the lack of non-invasive treatment, early detection and development of novel treatment of AAA is an urgent clinical concern. The pathophysiology and progression of AAA are characterized by inflammatory destruction. The gut microbiota is an “invisible organ” that directly or indirectly affects the vascular wall inflammatory cell infiltration manifested with enhanced arterial wall gut microbiota and metabolites, which plays an important role in the formation and progression of AAA. As such, the gut microbiome may become an important risk factor for AAA. This review summarizes the direct and indirect effects of the gut microbiome on the pathogenesis of AAA and highlights the gut microbiome-mediated inflammatory responses and discoveries of relevant therapeutic targets that may help manage the development and rupture of AAA.

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