Role of GS-5734 (Remdesivir) in inhibiting SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV: The expected role of GS-5734 (Remdesivir) in COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) - VYTR hypothesis.

Yethindra, Vityala

doi:10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.1973

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Remdesivir was originally developed to combat Ebola and related viruses; it works by inhibiting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [37]. Since the target is similar, both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the drug can inhibit the coronaviruses that cause SARS and MERS [38]. The first COVID-19 patient from Washington, U.S. was given remdesivir when his condition worsened, and the case report suggests that his condition improved [39].…”

Section: Remdesivirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Antiviral Protease Inhibitors Using Extracellular Vesicles for Potential Therapy of COVID-19

Kumar

Zhi

Mukherji

et al. 2020

Viruses

111

104

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In January 2020, Chinese health agencies reported an outbreak of a novel coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) which can lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The virus, which belongs to the coronavirus family (SARS-CoV-2), was named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). Full-length genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 showed 79.6% sequence identity to SARS-CoV, with 96% identity to a bat coronavirus at the whole-genome level. COVID-19 has caused over 133,000 deaths and there are over 2 million total confirmed cases as of 15 April 2020. Current treatment plans are still under investigation due to a lack of understanding of COVID-19. One potential mechanism to slow disease progression is the use of antiviral drugs to either block the entry of the virus or interfere with viral replication and maturation. Currently, antiviral drugs, including chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, and lopinavir/ritonavir, have shown effective inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Due to the high dose needed and narrow therapeutic window, many patients are experiencing severe side effects with the above drugs. Hence, repurposing these drugs with a proper formulation is needed to improve the safety and efficacy for COVID-19 treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a family of natural carriers in the human body. They play a critical role in cell-to-cell communications. EVs can be used as unique drug carriers to deliver protease inhibitors to treat COVID-19. EVs may provide targeted delivery of protease inhibitors, with fewer systemic side effects. More importantly, EVs are eligible for major aseptic processing and can be upscaled for mass production. Currently, the FDA is facilitating applications to treat COVID-19, which provides a very good chance to use EVs to contribute in this combat.

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Section: Remdesivirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Antiviral Protease Inhibitors Using Extracellular Vesicles for Potential Therapy of COVID-19

Kumar

Zhi

Mukherji

et al. 2020

Viruses

111

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wang et al reported that the mechanism of action of remdesivir depends on blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection at low concentrations with a high selectivity index [26]. Although remdesivir (GS-5734) still needs clinical studies to prove its efficiency against COVID-19 but according to its broad-spectrum properties, it is expected to inhibit COVID-19 as it was a potential antiviral drug to treat other CoVs infections [27]. On the 5th of February, 2020, clinical studies on remdesivir in China were started using randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial.…”

Section: Remdesivirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic approaches for COVID 19: Challenges and successes

Harfouch¹,

Alshaikh²,

Alshimaly³

et al. 2021

Ann Clin Anal Med

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The novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2 or COVID-19 was first discovered in Wuhan, China in late December 2019 and soon became a global pandemic. The virus causes flu-like symptoms and is potentially lethal. The rapid spread of the virus leaves the world in total paralysis and has devastating effects on the health, economic, and social levels of most countries. No treatment has been approved yet and the world really needs a precise and urgent medication. Certainly, the developing of a new specific drug for COVID-19 would take a longer time than expected but it is hoped that this task will be completed sooner than later; therefore recent studies have prioritized testing previously FDA-approved drugs for other indications and whether they have significant effects on COVID-19 or not. In this study, we discuss recent applications, protocols, and the outcomes of these drugs as advised by healthcare institutions and providers, as well as to conduct a literature review.

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“…[39] This may be due to the absence of Exonmediated proofreading in viruses sensitive to Remdesivir. [40] One of the first trials of Remdesivir was performed by the Gilead sciences center in hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 having oxygen saturation < 94% or a need for oxygen support. Till 28 days of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of clinical improvement was 84% (95% CI 70-99) by Kaplan-Meier analysis and it was less among patients receiving invasive ventilation compared to non-invasive ventilation.…”

Section: Remdesivirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19: A Ray of Hope

Kapoor¹,

Panda²,

Mohanty³

2021

Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Most viral infections have limited treatment options available and the same holds for COVID-19, its causative agent being the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Drugs used in the past against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) or Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) viruses, which belong to the same family of viruses as the novel Coronavirus included ribavirin, interferon (alfa and beta), lopinavir-ritonavir combination, and corticosteroids. There remains controversy regarding their efficacy to date, except for the last one. Hence, large-scale multicentric trials are being conducted involving multiple drugs. Chloroquine and hydroxy-chloroquine were initially taking the race ahead but have now been rejected. Remdesivir was a promising candidate, for which the FDA had issued an emergency use authorization, but now is not recommended by the WHO. Convalescent plasma therapy had promising results in the early severe viremia phase, but the PLACID trial made an obscure end. Only corticosteroids have shown demonstrable benefits in improving mortality rates among severe COVID-19 cases. Many new modalities like monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors are discussed. In this chapter, we review the therapeutic drugs under investigation for the COVID-19 treatment, their mode of action, degree of effectiveness, and recommendations by different centers regarding their use in current settings.

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Role of GS-5734 (Remdesivir) in inhibiting SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV: The expected role of GS-5734 (Remdesivir) in COVID-19 (2019-nCoV) - VYTR hypothesis.

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Repurposing Antiviral Protease Inhibitors Using Extracellular Vesicles for Potential Therapy of COVID-19

Repurposing Antiviral Protease Inhibitors Using Extracellular Vesicles for Potential Therapy of COVID-19

Therapeutic approaches for COVID 19: Challenges and successes

Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19: A Ray of Hope

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