Role of GPR40 in fatty acid action on the β cell line INS-1E

GPR40 is expressed in glucagon producing cells and affects glucagon secretion

“…However, the mechanism behind the glucagonotropic actions of FFAs has still not been elucidated. Elevation of [Ca 2+ ] i , via L-type Ca 2+ -channels, has been implicated in the palmitate-induced release of glucagon [9], similar to what has been shown for GPR40-mediated insulin release from beta-cells [6].…”

“…GPR40 is markedly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells, whereas so far no expression has been reported in alpha-cells. Upon stimulation by medium to long chain FFAs,GPR40 activation results in elevation of [Ca 2+ ] i both via IP 3 -mediated release from the ER and via influx through L-type Ca 2+ -channels [6]. Although FFAs are vital components involved in the regulation of many metabolic processes, the activation of GPR40 seems to be of great importance for acute insulin secretion.…”

G-protein-coupled receptors and islet function—Implications for treatment of type 2 diabetes

“…GPR40 is coupled to G αq with a subsequent increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration (Itoh et al, 2003), although also a mechanism through activation of PLC has been proposed (Feng et al, 2006;Fujiwara et al, 2005;Shapiro et al, 2005). The possible role of GPR40 in insulin secretion has been studied using GPR40-deficient mice (GPR40-/-).…”

Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and their Receptors in Colonic Motility

“…As well as -cells, FFA1 is also reported to be present in -cells (18). Moreover, FFA1 expression has been detected in various pancreas-derived cell lines, including MIN6, -TC-3, HIT-T15 and INS-1E (4,27,30,52). FFA1 expression has also been detected in human and rat islets (17,49,60).…”

“…Instead of incretin hormones, in the pylorus and duodenum, FFA1 e x p r e s s i o n c o l o c a l i z e d w i t h g a s t r i n , g h r e l i n , cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY (PYY), secretin, serotonin and substance P expression (14). Outside the GI tract, FFA1 has been detected in the brain, immune cells, MCF-7 human breast cell line and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (22,23,35,36,52,68).…”