Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists in Hypoglycemia

Ja’arah, Daria; Zoubi, Mazhar Salim Al; Abdelhady, Gamal; Rabi, Firas; Tambuwala, Murtaza M.

doi:10.1177/11795514211051697

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…GLP-1 RA have been shown to delay gastric emptying that may increase the risk of nausea, and longer duration of action may have a lesser effect on gastric motility, thus leading to less nausea [ 65 ]. Long-acting GLP-1 RAs such as weekly regimen or XR form was less likely to associate with nausea as compared to short-acting and frequent daily regimen [ 66 , 67 ]. In another study, gastric half-time emptying was delayed in most diabetic patients without preexisting gastroparesis after commencing GLP-1 RAs, while those with preexisting gastroparesis were minimally affected [ 68 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Roles of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in Nondiabetic Populations

Nair

Sigston

et al. 2022

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been observed in several large cardiovascular outcome trials to significantly reduce the incidence of major cardiovascular event (MACE) with type 2 diabetic patients. The clinical trials of GLP-1 RAs, including lixisenatide, exenatide, liraglutide, semaglutide, albiglutide, and dulaglutide, are associated with a significantly 14% lower risk of MACE in patients with T2DM and a history of CV disease, and with a nonsignificantly 6% lower risk in patients without history of CV disease. Some of the interpretation with GLP-1 RA trials suggested the possible role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in nondiabetic individual, echoed by a recent editorial redefining the role of GLP-1 RAs being beyond glycaemic control. The narrative review provides an in-depth insight into GLP-1 RA use guideline in different countries and regions of the world and examines the safety and concern of GLP-1 RA use. The narrative review draws the comparison of GLP-1 RA use between diabetic and nondiabetic individual in terms of cardiovascular and metabolic benefits and points out the direction of future clinical trials of GLP-1 RAs in nondiabetic individuals. The focus of the review is on GLP-1 RAs’ preventive roles in nondiabetic individuals with cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney diseases, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and perioperative complications of bariatric surgery, albeit in small studies and subset analysis of clinical trials of diabetic patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the risk of hypoglycaemia in patients taking GLP-1 RAs alone was low, and similar across all GLP-1 RAs [ 66 , 69 ]. The combination of GLP-1 RAs and metformin has not been associated with increased rate or severity of clinically relevant hypoglycaemic events [ 70 , 71 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Roles of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in Nondiabetic Populations

Nair

Sigston

et al. 2022

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

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“…The incretin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), is a well-known incretin peptide discharged into the circulation by scattered gastrointestinal and endocrine cells. [29][30][31] It is a gut-derived hormone that potentiates glucose-dependent insulin excretion from the pancreatic β-cells when blood glucose is high and contributes to glucose homeostasis. [32][33][34] Also, GLP-1 can improve metabolic, glycemic control, and weight loss via suppression of glucagon secretion, delay in gastric clearing, gastrointestinal fat absorption, and reduced food intake.…”

Section: Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (Glp-1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review

Alorfi¹,

Algarni²

2022

CPAA

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Purpose Obesity and overweight pose a threat to health and are more common than undernutrition among adults. It is categorized by fat accumulation and a body mass index (BMI) of > 30. A significant increase in worldwide obesity has been ongoing over several decades. Over the past few years, several strategies have been followed for weight management and to counteract the increasing prevalence of the disease; however, room for improvement with pharmacological options still exists. This review aimed to digest selected past clinical and experimental studies and understand the role of semaglutide treatment for obesity. Methods Articles related to the clinical uses of semaglutide, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and side effects of the drug were identified. Only studies with human subjects who used Semaglutide for obesity management were included and assessed. Results Semaglutide promotes weight loss via appetite and hunger suppression, decreases energy intake, controls eating, and depresses the relative fondness for fatty, energy-dense foods. Moreover, the relationship between obesity and Semaglutide has been widely investigated, and most studies reveal the efficacy of Semaglutide on weight loss. Overall, the pharmacokinetics of semaglutide shows a drop in glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and total body weight. The usual adverse effects observed in patients treated with Semaglutide include gastrointestinal adverse events, like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal cramps. Conclusion The findings from the review suggest that semaglutide appears to be beneficial, most notably in its contribution to weight reduction.

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“…Dulaglutide is one GLP-1 Fc fusion protein that activates GLP-1 receptors and promotes glucose-dependent insulin secretion, which helps reduce fasting and postprandial glucose levels ( 21 ). Dulaglutide improves the insulin secretion index and helps regulate the body’s blood glucose level ( 22 ). Growing evidence suggests that Dulaglutide has the potential to treat diabetes-related neurodegenerative diseases ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacoeconomic analysis (CER) of Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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AimTo evaluate the treatment effect Fand pharmacoeconomic value of Dugaglutide in women with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWomen (n=96) with type 2 diabetes recruited from June 2019 to December 2021 were randomized into two equal groups. The control group was treated with Liraglutide, and the observation group was treated with Dulaglutide, both for 24 weeks. The blood glucose levels, biochemical index, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), cost-effect ratio (CER), and drug safety were determined and compared between the two groups.ResultsBlood glucose levels, the biochemical index, and HOMA-IR were lower in both groups after the treatment (P < 0.05), and there was no statistical difference in the blood glucose levels, biochemical index and HOMA-IR between the two groups (P > 0.05). The CER levels did not differ statistically between the two groups (P > 0.05). Both the cost and the incidence of drug side effects during solution injection were lower in the observation group than in the control group after 24 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05).ConclusionBoth Dulaglutide and Liraglutide can reduce blood glucose levels, improve biochemical index, and HOMA-IR levels in women with type 2 diabetes. Dulaglutide is more cost-effective and safe.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR1900026514.

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Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonists in Hypoglycemia

Cited by 9 publications

References 75 publications

Potential Roles of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in Nondiabetic Populations

Potential Roles of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in Nondiabetic Populations

Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review

Pharmacoeconomic analysis (CER) of Dulaglutide and Liraglutide in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes

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