Role of Gene Banks in Maintaining Crop Genetic Resources

Sofi, Parvaze A.; Zargar, Sajad Majeed; Mir, Rakeeb Ahmad; Salgotra, Romesh Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0156-2_6

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…(2021) also showed that moisture stress and diseases (particularly rust) are the two main constraints affecting bread wheat production in Arsi, Ethiopia. Natural and artificial selection operations triggered by socioeconomic and biophysical environmental factors lead to replacement and devastating losses of plant genetic resources (Sofi et al., 2020). According to the study by Dossou‐Aminon et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the high price and market demand, cooking quality to meet the consumption needs of families, and many other characterizations 2021) also showed that moisture stress and diseases (particularly rust) are the two main constraints affecting bread wheat production in Arsi, Ethiopia. Natural and artificial selection operations triggered by socioeconomic and biophysical environmental factors lead to replacement and devastating losses of plant genetic resources (Sofi et al, 2020). According to the study by Dossou-Aminon et al (2016), climate change (76.34%) was ranked first among the top 12 constraints by many farmers and had a significant impact on sorghum production in northeast Benin.…”

Section: Farmer Perceptions Of the Status Of Local Sorghum On Farm Ge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) on‐farm genetic diversity status and possible determinants from Wollo lowland areas, northeastern Ethiopia

Abegaz

2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Various agricultural crops are the world's sources of food, fodder, and energy. However, conservation management and diversification constraints remain a challenge. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the status of local agricultural sorghum genetic diversity and potential determinants of the Wollo lowlands in northeastern Ethiopia. The greatest extent of local sorghum abundance was demonstrated in the study areas with the highest value being 4.25 DMg and 2.89 DMn in Werebabo district. However, 2.97 DMg and 2.04 DMn were recorded as the relatively lowest indices in Tehuledere province. In fact, the extent and type of diversity, measured by the number of varieties per farm, varied from region to region. Farmer perceived constraints such as late maturity, blending fluency, distance to nearest market (km), small land ownership, end‐use quality, and plume size attributed to these deviations. The priority of the constraints was first determined by ranking the constraints based on the answers received from the respondents and then calculating the rank‐based quotient. Several categorical variables of these constraints also showed a significant association with the status of local farm sorghum genetic diversity at p < 0.05 and p < 0.001. In general, the status of genetic diversity of local sorghum farms was low in all the provinces studied. Therefore, the seed exchange network between local farmers should be encouraged to use and conserve diversity on a daily basis. Community seed banks should also be established to enhance the conservation of beneficial local sorghum germplasm and maximize locally adapted sorghum landrace profiles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Farmer Perceptions Of the Status Of Local Sorghum On Farm Ge...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) on‐farm genetic diversity status and possible determinants from Wollo lowland areas, northeastern Ethiopia

Abegaz

2024

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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“…These onion landraces have developed the ability to withstand a variety of stressors, including pests, diseases, and several abiotic environmental factors prevalent in their native regions [ 32 ]. The conservation of onion landraces, including other types of genetic resources, not only helps maintain the knowledge associated with traditional onion cultivation but also contributes to the preservation of cultural diversity [ 57 ]. Many landraces may possess unique flavors and storability, which renders them valuable sources of genetic diversity [ 58 ].…”

Section: Onion Genetic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preserving the genetic diversity of onion is essential for maintaining the crop’s resilience in the face of environmental challenges and evolving pathogens [ 76 ]. The conservation of onion seeds (orthodox seeds) in genebanks ensures the availability of diverse genetic materials for regional and global germplasm exchange and for future applications in research [ 57 ]. Since onion seeds, like other Allium seeds, haveshort longevity, to ensure their prolonged viability, the seeds are meticulously stored under tightly regulated conditions, including low temperature and humidity.…”

Section: Ex Situ Conservation Efforts For Onion Genetic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation and Global Distribution of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Germplasm for Agricultural Sustainability

Ochar,

Kim

2023

Plants

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Onion (Allium cepa L.) is recognized globally as a crucial vegetable crop, prized not only for its culinary applications but also for its numerous health-promoting properties. With climate change relentlessly exerting mounting challenges to agriculture, the preservation and deployment of onion germplasm has become critical to ensuring sustainable agriculture and safeguarding food security. Global onion germplasm collections function as repositories of genetic diversity, holding within them an extensive array of valuable traits or genes. These can be harnessed to develop varieties resilient to climate adversities. Therefore, detailed information concerning onion germplasm collections from various geographical regions can bolster their utility. Furthermore, an amplified understanding of the importance of fostering international and inter-institutional collaborations becomes essential. Sharing and making use of onion genetic resources can provide viable solutions to the looming agricultural challenges of the future. In this review, we have discussed the preservation and worldwide distribution of onion germplasm, along with its implications for agricultural sustainability. We have also underscored the importance of international and interinstitutional collaboration in onion germplasm collecting and conservation for agricultural sustainability.

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“…On the other hand, genetic erosion is rapidly advancing [20], particularly in the developed world, including many European regions. One of the main means of resistance is the high number of gene banks [21]. Yet, a global estimate of the number of existing landraces is missing, and only a few national institutes have established an exhaustive inventory [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hilly, Semi-Mountainous and Mountainous Areas Harbor Landraces Diversity: The Case of Messinia (Peloponnese-Greece)

Thanopoulos,

Drossinou,

Koutroumpelas

et al. 2024

Diversity

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Landraces are identified for their genetic diversity and heritage value. Geographically isolated areas are gradually recognized for their agricultural diversity and importance in conservation. One of the consequences of agricultural intensification is an increase in crop uniformity and hence a reduction in the landraces’ genetic resources. Messinia, located in Southwest Peloponnese, Greece, is characterized by a diverse terrain and smallholdings. The geomorphological character of the area and farmers’ selections have led to new landraces (local varieties) with unique traits and specific adaptations. A total of 110 villages/settlements were visited between 2013–2016, aiming to explore the existing wealth of landraces and the degree of genetic erosion. The genetic material collected and the testimonies extracted from local communities were compared to data from past expeditions, gene banks, and portal databases. Of the 427 collected samples, the majority belonged to annual vegetable or pulse species, indicating the genetic diversity of the groups, which was likely related to their culinary value. Perennial crops are priced both as commercial and staple crops, with olive trees dominating the agricultural landscape. Genetic erosion and production decline were noticed for cereals. It is concluded that socio-cultural and agricultural trends have a strong influence on the survival of landraces. Without exhausting the agricultural wealth of the region, the present study suggests that Messinia is an agrobiodiversity hotspot that includes neglected crops.

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Role of Gene Banks in Maintaining Crop Genetic Resources

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) on‐farm genetic diversity status and possible determinants from Wollo lowland areas, northeastern Ethiopia

Local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) on‐farm genetic diversity status and possible determinants from Wollo lowland areas, northeastern Ethiopia

Conservation and Global Distribution of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Germplasm for Agricultural Sustainability

Hilly, Semi-Mountainous and Mountainous Areas Harbor Landraces Diversity: The Case of Messinia (Peloponnese-Greece)

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