Role of gastrointestinal health in managing children with autism spectrum disorder

Al-Beltagi, Mohammed; Saeed, Nermin Kamal; Bediwy, Adel Salah; Elbeltagi, Reem; Alhawamdeh, Rawan

doi:10.5409/wjcp.v12.i4.171

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 223 publications

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“…Many individuals with ASD also experience gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, diarrhea, and bloating. It is not yet clear whether these problems are a direct cause of ASD or a symptom of the underlying condition[ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic changes in children with autism

Al-Beltagi,

Saeed,

Bediwy

et al. 2024

World J Clin Pediatr

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BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and repetitive behaviors. Metabolomic profiling has emerged as a valuable tool for understanding the underlying metabolic dysregulations associated with ASD. AIM To comprehensively explore metabolomic changes in children with ASD, integrating findings from various research articles, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case reports, editorials, and a book chapter. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, LISA, and NLM catalog up until January 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed research articles (83), review articles (145), meta-analyses (6), systematic reviews (6), case reports (2), editorials (2), and a book chapter (1) related to metabolomic changes in children with ASD. Exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance and quality of included studies. RESULTS The systematic review identified specific metabolites and metabolic pathways showing consistent differences in children with ASD compared to typically developing individuals. These metabolic biomarkers may serve as objective measures to support clinical assessments, improve diagnostic accuracy, and inform personalized treatment approaches. Metabolomic profiling also offers insights into the metabolic alterations associated with comorbid conditions commonly observed in individuals with ASD. CONCLUSION Integration of metabolomic changes in children with ASD holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, guiding personalized treatment approaches, monitoring treatment response, and improving outcomes. Further research is needed to validate findings, establish standardized protocols, and overcome technical challenges in metabolomic analysis. By advancing our understanding of metabolic dysregulations in ASD, clinicians can improve the lives of affected individuals and their families.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic changes in children with autism

Al-Beltagi,

Saeed,

Bediwy

et al. 2024

World J Clin Pediatr

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“…Some authors suggest a correlation between the disturbances in gut microbiota composition and the severity of autistic symptomatology, including verbal and social skills and general behavior [ 46 , 161 ]. Furthermore, unusual dietary patterns may favor harmful, pathogenic intestinal microbiota [ 162 , 163 ]. However, further research will be beneficial for a better understanding of existing interconnection.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Challenges In Asd Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Between Dysbiosis, Maternal Immune Activation and Autism: Is There a Common Pathway?

Suprunowicz,

Tomaszek,

Urbaniak

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. Growing evidence highlights an important role of the gut–brain–microbiome axis in the pathogenesis of ASD. Research indicates an abnormal composition of the gut microbiome and the potential involvement of bacterial molecules in neuroinflammation and brain development disruptions. Concurrently, attention is directed towards the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and impaired intestinal tightness. This comprehensive review emphasizes the potential impact of maternal gut microbiota changes on the development of autism in children, especially considering maternal immune activation (MIA). The following paper evaluates the impact of the birth route on the colonization of the child with bacteria in the first weeks of life. Furthermore, it explores the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-17a and mother’s obesity as potentially environmental factors of ASD. The purpose of this review is to advance our understanding of ASD pathogenesis, while also searching for the positive implications of the latest therapies, such as probiotics, prebiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation, targeting the gut microbiota and reducing inflammation. This review aims to provide valuable insights that could instruct future studies and treatments for individuals affected by ASD.

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“…The focus of this diet is the theory of the "leaky gut," where the increased intestinal permeability allows gluten and casein peptides to leak from the gut resulting in opioid activity causing ASD behaviours [12]. Additionally, children with autism spectrum disorders are more prone to gastrointestinal (GI) disorders than the general population which can significantly impact their health, learning, and development [13]. Since gastrointestinal disorders may affect the incidence and severity of other symptoms in children with ASD, adequate nutrition is essential and can improve their life comfort and overall health [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Gluten-Free and Casein-Free diet on the quality of life of Autistic children and Adolescents: A Scoping review

Zafirovski,

Aleksoska,

Thomas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Gluten and casein-containing foods could aggravate the symptoms of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and subsequently impact their quality of life. However, there is a mixed opinion among researchers concerning the impact of alternative diet on reducing ASD symptoms. Objective: This scoping review aimed at examining the impact of the ‘’gluten-free, casein-free’’ (GFCF) diet on health outcomes and the quality of life among autistic children and adolescents. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was performed following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines. Four databases including EbscoHost, Medline, CINAHL and ProQuest were used to obtain subject-specific studies relevant to the research question and published between July 2013 and March 2024. A comprehensive search using keywords such as “autism spectrum disorder”, “gluten-free diet”, and “casein-free diet” was conducted to obtain articles related to the research focus area. Only full-text, peer-reviewed, written in English articles were selected. Data extraction and data analysis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses- extension to Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) protocol. Results: From the initial 586 studies a total of 27 articles were included in the final analysis of the review. The thematic analysis included ‘GFCF diet and improvement of the core autistic symptoms’’, “the gut-brain link’’, ‘’dietary interventions and autism’’, ‘’possible side effects due to the GCFC diet’’, and ‘’ inconclusive studies and mixed opinions’’. Majority of the studies showed positive effect of the GFCF diet on a variety of autistic symptoms including positive changes in cognitive skills, behaviour, and gastrointestinal symptoms while some showed conflicting evidence. Conclusion: The currently available evidence on the impact of ‘GFCF’’ diet on the quality of life of autistic children and adolescents may warrant potentially effective interventions for alleviating symptoms of autism spectrum disorders. However, this scoping review highlighted the need for more research to provide more reliable evidence on the health outcomes and quality of life of ASD sufferers to guide practice.

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Role of gastrointestinal health in managing children with autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 9 publications

References 223 publications

Metabolomic changes in children with autism

Metabolomic changes in children with autism

Between Dysbiosis, Maternal Immune Activation and Autism: Is There a Common Pathway?

Impact of Gluten-Free and Casein-Free diet on the quality of life of Autistic children and Adolescents: A Scoping review

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