Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms in Exacerbations of COPD

The Lung Tissue Microbiome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

“…Most Lactobacillus identified in humans are postulated to come from food (45) and have been identified in the stomach of healthy, noncancerous control subjects and are increased in patients with stomach cancer (46). Gastroesophageal reflux is considered an important risk factor for increased exacerbations and is one of the selfreported comorbidities in frequent exacerbators in COPD (19,(47)(48)(49). It is possible that Lactobacillus bacteria enter the lungs by gastroesophageal reflux or by endotracheal intubation during lung resection surgery.…”

Long-term macrolide therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…22 Macrolides improve gastric emptying and reduce gastroesophageal reflux, 23,24 and it is tempting to speculate that these effects contribute to a reduction in COPD exacerbations.…”

Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

“…There is significant finding that patients with the diagnosis of COPD and weekly GER symptoms have more acute exacerbations of COPD than patients with COPD without GER symptoms [3]. The study of Casanova et al, has shown that COPD is associated with an abnormally high prevalence of oesophageal acid reflux when compared to volunteers of similar age.…”

“…In contrast to asthma, the relationship between GER and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not well established in previous years, but in last decade there are more studies that investigate the relation between GER and COPD. http://www.mjms.mk/ http://www.id-press.eu/mjms Two explanations have been proposed: Reflux induces microaspiration of gastric contents that irritate airways or symptoms may be induced without direct exposure of the airways to refluxant material; acid reflux into distal esophagus induces vagally mediated reflex bronchoconstriction [1][2][3]5].…”