Role of fluoride induced epigenetic alterations in the development of skeletal fluorosis

Daiwile, Atul P.; Tarale, Prashant; Sivanesan, Saravanadevi; Naoghare, Pravin K.; Bafana, Amit; Parmar, Devendra; Krishnamurthi, Kannan

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.035

Cited by 43 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, the safe dose range of fluoride is limited [ 3 ]. Increasing evidences have shown that long-term exposure to excessive fluoride will not only increase the risk of dental fluorosis [ 4 ] and skeletal fluorosis [ 5 ], but also impair neural development by influencing gene and protein expression, enzyme activity and inducing oxidative stress [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fluoride exposure and intelligence in school-age children: evidence from different windows of exposure susceptibility

Huang

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

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Background The intellectual loss induced by fluoride exposure has been extensively studied, but the association between fluoride exposure in different susceptibility windows and children’s intelligence is rarely reported. Hence, we conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the association between fluoride exposure in prenatal and childhood periods and intelligence quotient (IQ). Methods We recruited 633 local children aged 7–13 years old randomly from four primary schools in Kaifeng, China in 2017. The children were divided into four groups, of which included: control group (CG, n = 228), only prenatal excessive fluoride exposure group (PFG, n = 107), only childhood excessive fluoride exposure group (CFG, n = 157), both prenatal and childhood excessive fluoride exposure group (BFG, n = 141). The concentrations of urinary fluoride (UF) and urinary creatinine (UCr) were determined by fluoride ion-selective electrode assay and a creatinine assay kit (picric acid method), respectively. The concentration of UCr-adjusted urinary fluoride (CUF) was calculated. IQ score was assessed using the second revision of the Combined Raven’s Test-The Rural in China (CRT-RC2). Threshold and saturation effects analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the association between fluoride exposure and IQ. Results The mean IQ score in PFG was respectively lower than those in CG, CFG and BFG (P < 0.05). The odds of developing excellent intelligence among children in PFG decreased by 51.1% compared with children in CG (OR = 0.489, 95% CI: 0.279, 0.858). For all the children, CUF concentration of ≥1.7 mg/L was negatively associated with IQ scores (β = − 4.965, 95% CI: − 9.198, − 0.732, P = 0.022). In children without prenatal fluoride exposure, every 1.0 mg/L increment in the CUF concentration of ≥2.1 mg/L was related to a reduction of 11.4 points in children’s IQ scores (95% CI: − 19.2, − 3.5, P = 0.005). Conclusions Prenatal and childhood excessive fluoride exposures may impair the intelligence development of school children. Furthermore, children with prenatal fluoride exposure had lower IQ scores than children who were not prenatally exposed; therefore the reduction of IQ scores at higher levels of fluoride exposure in childhood does not become that evident.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fluoride exposure and intelligence in school-age children: evidence from different windows of exposure susceptibility

Huang

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

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“…266 Fluoride toxicity and subsequent fluorosis have been assessed for its epigenetic influence upon genes associated with skeletal development. 267 Promoter region DNA hypermethylation and sequential downregulation of expression were demonstrated for genes associated with extracellular matrix deposition and cartilage formation. 267 Together, this demonstrates classic epigenetics and evolutionary differences in populations, where one man's medicine may be the cause of another's ailment and exemplifies the damaging effects of nutritional conformity and a need for personalised nutritional management.…”

Section: Fluoridementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Nutritional Epigenetics—A Fresh Perspective for an Old Idea. Lessons Learned, Limitations, and Future Directions

Sedley

2020

Genet Epigenet

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Nutritional epigenetics is a rapidly expanding field of research, and the natural modulation of the genome is a non-invasive, sustainable, and personalized alternative to gene-editing for chronic disease management. Genetic differences and epigenetic inflexibility resulting in abnormal gene expression, differential or aberrant methylation patterns account for the vast majority of diseases. The expanding understanding of biological evolution and the environmental influence on epigenetics and natural selection requires relearning of once thought to be well-understood concepts. This research explores the potential for natural modulation by the less understood epigenetic modifications such as ubiquitination, nitrosylation, glycosylation, phosphorylation, and serotonylation concluding that the under-appreciated acetylation and mitochondrial dependant downstream epigenetic post-translational modifications may be the pinnacle of the epigenomic hierarchy, essential for optimal health, including sustainable cellular energy production. With an emphasis on lessons learned, this conceptional exploration provides a fresh perspective on methylation, demonstrating how increases in environmental methane drive an evolutionary down regulation of endogenous methyl groups synthesis and demonstrates how epigenetic mechanisms are cell-specific, making supplementation with methyl cofactors throughout differentiation unpredictable. Interference with the epigenomic hierarchy may result in epigenetic inflexibility, symptom relief and disease concomitantly and may be responsible for the increased incidence of neurological disease such as autism spectrum disorder.

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“…However, skeletal fluorosis may lead to the impairment of muscle movement, calcification of ligaments, increased osteosclerosis, and cancellous bone formation in the advanced stage. What's more, it may lead to the limitation of joint movement, muscle atrophy, and deformity of bone, spine, and major joints [2,20].…”

Section: Skeletal Fluorosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Fluoride in Dental Caries

Sun¹,

Luo²,

Wan³

2021

Dental Caries

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The most efficient way to prevent caries is by using fluoridated dental products. Fluoride can reduce enamel demineralization and promote enamel remineralization. In terms of prevention, the topical application of fluoride is accessible, which includes fluoride toothpaste, fluoride varnish, fluoride gel, and mouth rinse. Besides, the application of fluoride is systematical. In some countries, fluoride is added into water, salt, or milk. Fluoride is also used for the medical treatment of early dental caries. However, fluoride is a double-edged sword. Excessive fluoride intake will cause toxic reactions, and dental fluorosis is caused by a high intake of fluorides during tooth development.

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Role of fluoride induced epigenetic alterations in the development of skeletal fluorosis

Cited by 43 publications

References 42 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fluoride exposure and intelligence in school-age children: evidence from different windows of exposure susceptibility

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fluoride exposure and intelligence in school-age children: evidence from different windows of exposure susceptibility

Advances in Nutritional Epigenetics—A Fresh Perspective for an Old Idea. Lessons Learned, Limitations, and Future Directions

The Application of Fluoride in Dental Caries

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