Role of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Sickle Cell Trait and Disease

Chirico, Erica N.; Faes, Camille; Connes, Philippe; Canet-Soulas, Emmanuelle; Martin, Cyril; Pialoux, Vincent

doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0447-z

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…In contrast, chronic exercise (repeated exercise for a prolonged period) provides healthy benefits in the general population with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects [379]. In the context of SCD, such acute exercise-induced changes may cause problematic physiological disturbances for patients, potentially increasing HbS polymerization and vaso-occlusive processes [380].…”

Section: Exercise and Inflammation In Sickle Cell Trait And Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation in sickle cell disease

2018

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The primary β-globin gene mutation that causes sickle cell disease (SCD) has significant pathophysiological consequences that result in hemolytic events and the induction of the inflammatory processes that ultimately lead to vaso-occlusion. In addition to their role in the initiation of the acute painful vaso-occlusive episodes that are characteristic of SCD, inflammatory processes are also key components of many of the complications of the disease including autosplenectomy, acute chest syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, leg ulcers, nephropathy and stroke. We, herein, discuss the events that trigger inflammation in the disease, as well as the mechanisms, inflammatory molecules and cells that propagate these inflammatory processes. Given the central role that inflammation plays in SCD pathophysiology, many of the therapeutic approaches currently under pre-clinical and clinical development for the treatment of SCD endeavor to counter aspects or specific molecules of these inflammatory processes and it is possible that, in the future, we will see anti-inflammatory drugs being used either together with, or in place of, hydroxyurea in those SCD patients for whom hematopoietic stem cell transplants and evolving gene therapies are not a viable option.

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Section: Exercise and Inflammation In Sickle Cell Trait And Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation in sickle cell disease

2018

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“…SCT may not be a completely benign carrier state nor a true disease entity but rather a potential risk factor which could be monitored. Maintaining physical fitness may be a protective agent by decreasing the endothelial activation through improvements in nitric oxide and antioxidant availability [ 32 , 33 ]. Precautions would be the same as for exercise with MG i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marathons and myasthenia gravis: a case report

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe cardinal symptoms of auto-immune myasthenia gravis are fatigue and weakness. Endurance events such as marathon running would seem incompatible with this chronic disease. Many patients stop sport altogether. There is limited literature of patients with auto-immune myasthenia gravis undergoing regular endurance exercise.Case presentationWe report the case of a 36-year-old female who began long-distance running whilst experiencing initial symptoms of myasthenia gravis. She was diagnosed with auto-immune myasthenia gravis and whilst advised to stop all sport, her way of fighting and living with this chronic and unpredictable disease was to continue running to maintain a healthy body and mind. Despite suffering from ocular, bulbar and localized limb fatigability, she managed to complete multiple marathons and achieve disease stability with cholinesterase inhibitors.ConclusionsMarathon and half-marathon running lead to distinct changes in mediators of inflammation in an exercise-dose-dependent manner. Despite symptoms of weakness and fatigue in certain muscles in myasthenia gravis, physical exertion remains possible and may not worsen symptoms as demonstrated in this case and recent studies. The immunomodulatory role of exercise could be considered in this case however this hypothesis remains to be confirmed in future studies with quantitative data.

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“…In addition, ectopic fat accumulation in the muscle promotes ROS production in this tissue [18]. MICT can reduce oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing ROS production in the skeletal muscle [19], adipose tissue [20], and vascular tissue [21]. MICT also reduces systemic oxidative stress, particularly in people with obesity [22–24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Specific Oxidative Stress Modulation by Exercise: A Comparison between MICT and HIIT in an Obese Rat Model

Groussard¹,

Maillard

Vazeille

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Background and Aim. Exercise is an effective strategy to reduce obesity-induced oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two training modalities (moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT)) on the pro/antioxidant status of different tissues in obese Zucker rats. Methods. Eight-week-old male Zucker rats (fa/fa, n=36) were subdivided in three groups: MICT, HIIT, and control (no exercise) groups. Trained animals ran on a treadmill (0° slope), 5 days/week for 10 weeks (MICT: 51 min at 12 m·min-1; HIIT: 6 sets of 3 min at 10 m·min-1 followed by 4 min at 18 m·min-1). Epididymal (visceral) and subcutaneous adipose tissue, gastrocnemius muscle, and plasma samples were collected to measure oxidative stress markers (advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)), antioxidant system markers (ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities), and prooxidant enzymes (NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities, myeloperoxidase content). Results. Compared with the control, MICT increased GPx and catalase activities and the FRAP level in epididymal adipose tissue. HIIT increased the AOPP level in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In the muscle, HIIT increased both SOD and GPx activities and reduced the AOPP level, whereas MICT increased only SOD activity. Finally, plasma myeloperoxidase content was similarly decreased by both training modalities, whereas oxLDL was reduced only in the MICT group. Conclusion. Both HIIT and MICT improved the pro/antioxidant status. However, HIIT was more efficient than MICT in the skeletal muscle, whereas MICT was more efficient in epididymal adipose tissue. This suggests that oxidative stress responses to HIIT and MICT are tissue-specific. This could result in ROS generation via different pathways in these tissues. From a practical point of view, the two training modalities should be combined to obtain a global response in people with obesity.

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Role of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Sickle Cell Trait and Disease

Cited by 14 publications

References 115 publications

Inflammation in sickle cell disease

Inflammation in sickle cell disease

Marathons and myasthenia gravis: a case report

Tissue-Specific Oxidative Stress Modulation by Exercise: A Comparison between MICT and HIIT in an Obese Rat Model

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