Role of estrogen in nitric oxide- and prostaglandin-dependent modulation of vascular conductance during treadmill locomotion in rats

Rogers, Jennifer L.; Sheriff, Don D.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00115.2004

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Postcontraction hyperemia after brief submaximal contractions may also be influenced by a sex difference in vasodilation that is independent of strength and muscle mass 27 and mediated by longterm exposure to estrogen. 27,30 Our study could not distinguish between the contribution of mechanical compression and vasodilation, but it confirmed that women appear to have less postcontraction hyperemia and vascular conductance than men for brief submaximal isometric contractions.…”

Section: ) (B)mentioning

confidence: 66%

Sex differences in time to task failure and blood flow for an intermittent isometric fatiguing contraction

et al. 2008

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The purpose of this study was to compare the time to task failure, postcontraction hyperemia, and vascular conductance of young men and women for a submaximal intermittent fatiguing contraction performed with the handgrip muscles. Twenty men and 20 women (mean +/- SD: 22 +/- 4 years) performed an isometric contraction at 50% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) (6-s contraction, 4-s rest) until task failure. Forearm venous occlusion plethysmography was used to estimate the peak blood flow (after 10-min occlusion) and blood flow at rest after 6-s submaximal contractions of varying intensities, and during an intermittent fatiguing contraction at 1-min intervals and task failure. The time to task failure was longer for the women compared with the men (408 +/- 205 s vs. 297 +/- 57 s, P < 0.05). Postcontraction hyperemia and vascular conductance were greater for men than for women after nonfatiguing 6-s submaximal contractions performed at 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 80% of MVC force (P < 0.05). In contrast, hyperemia and vascular conductance were similar for both genders when measured at 50 s into the fatiguing contraction, at each minute thereafter, and at task failure. Regression analysis indicated that the rate of electromyographic activity and perceived exertion were the significant predictors of the time to task failure. The longer time to task failure for women compared with men for an intermittent fatiguing contraction with handgrip muscles was not explained by postcontraction hyperemia or vascular conductance with fatigue.

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Section: ) (B)mentioning

confidence: 66%

Sex differences in time to task failure and blood flow for an intermittent isometric fatiguing contraction

et al. 2008

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“…Recognizing the acute effects of estrogen on blood flow regulation (45), it is unknown whether the results of Hashimoto et al (16), who demonstrated that the greatest endotheliumdependent vasodilation, assessed with the cuff-occlusion model, coincided with the end of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, when serum estradiol levels were highest, may have been affected by an altered reactive hyperemia response. In light of this and the present data, it would be interesting to investigate FMD normalized for shear in women throughout the menstrual cycle to comprehensively elucidate the acute effects of estrogen on human vascular function.…”

Section: A Hormonal Milieu Effect On Flow-mediated Dilation?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and limb-specific ischemic reperfusion and vascular reactivity

Nishiyama

Wray

Richardson

2008

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Nishiyama SK, Wray DW, Richardson RS. Sex and limbspecific ischemic reperfusion and vascular reactivity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H1100 -H1108, 2008. First published July 11, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00318.2008.-With little known regarding sex and limb heterogeneity, we investigated vascular reactivity and ischemic reperfusion (IR) in the upper and lower extremities of 15 healthy men (26 Ϯ 2 yr) and women (23 Ϯ 1 yr). Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate IR and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) after suprasystolic cuff occlusion in both the arm [brachial artery (BA)] and the leg [popliteal artery (PA)]. Cumulative IR [area under the curve (AUC)], normalized for muscle mass, revealed no sexrelated differences in either limb (forearm: men 38 Ϯ 3 and women 44 Ϯ 4 ml/100 g; lower leg: men 12 Ϯ 2 and women 14 Ϯ 2 ml/100 g), while both groups revealed a greater IR per unit of arm muscle mass (AUC) compared with the lower leg (P Ͻ 0. vasodilation; vascular function; hyperemia; females THE INCIDENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR disease differs significantly between men and women. This is thought to be predominantly due to sex-specific differences in risk factors and the hormonal milieu. Indeed, epidemiologic studies have revealed that atherosclerosis, hypertension, and peripheral vascular and coronary artery diseases occur with greater prevalence in men and in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women (4, 23, 26), while clinical assessments of endotheliumdependent peripheral artery vasomotion, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), in healthy populations suggest that vascular function is superior in premenopausal women compared with their postmenopausal counterparts and with men (27, 40, 52). En masse, these studies have implicated estrogen as both a prostaglandin promoter and an antioxidant, protecting nitric oxide (NO) from degradation and facilitating increased vasomotion (29, 39). Thus current knowledge suggests that female sex hormones, such as estrogen, have positive vascular effects, whereas their absence could be related to vascular dysfunction and subsequent atherogenic disease states. However, in studies assessing FMD, when the initial value of arterial diameter is taken into consideration, vasodilation appears similar between males and females (18). This suggests that some of the documented sex differences in vascular reactivity could be the consequence of a mathematical bias rather than the beneficial effects of the female hormonal milieu.There is an emerging belief that vascular function in the arms and legs of humans is not uniform, but to our knowledge there is a relative paucity of studies that examine limb-specific sex differences in vascular reactivity. Most studies of arterial FMD have been conducted in the brachial artery (BA), but the extent to which this can index systemic vascular function has recently been questioned (35,54). Humans, as upright bipeds, are regularly subjected to large hydrostatic and transmural forces in the legs that appear to contribute to differential vasoreactivity (...

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“…Given the potential for sexspecific differences in physiological control during exercise, these results are limited in application. Evidence from both animal and human studies indicates that women demonstrate greater blood flow to exercising muscles compared with men (19,25,28). The prominent role of the sympathetic nervous system in the integrated exercise response (29, 37) provides support that sex differences in sympathetic control have the potential to influence muscle blood flow responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Adrenergic control of blood flow during exercise: effect of sex and menstrual phase

Limberg¹,

Eldridge

Proctor

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Limberg JK, Eldridge MW, Proctor LT, Sebranek JJ, Schrage WG. ␣-Adrenergic control of blood flow during exercise: effect of sex and menstrual phase. J Appl Physiol 109: 1360-1368, 2010. First published August 19, 2010 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00518.2010.-Sex differences exist in autonomic control of the cardiovascular system. This study was designed to directly test sex or female menstrual phase-related differences in ␣-adrenergic control of blood flow during exercise. We hypothesized that women would exhibit reduced ␣-adrenergic vasoconstriction compared with men during exercise; in addition, women would constrict less during the early luteal than the early follicular phase of the female menses. Young men (n ϭ 10) were studied once and women (n ϭ 9) studied twice, once during the early follicular phase and once during the early luteal phase of female menses. We measured forearm blood flow (FBF; Doppler ultrasound of the brachial artery) during rest and steady-state dynamic exercise (15 and 30% of maximal voluntary contraction, 20 contractions/min). A brachial artery catheter was inserted for the local administration of ␣-adrenergic agonists [phenylephrine (PE; ␣1) or clonidine (CL; ␣2)]. Blood flow responses to exercise [forearm vascular conductance (FVC)] were similar between all groups. At rest, infusion of PE or CL decreased FVC in all groups (40 -60% reduction). Vasoconstriction to PE was abolished in all groups at 15 and 30% exercise intensity. Vasoconstriction to CL was reduced at 15% and abolished at 30% intensity in all groups; women had less CL-induced constriction during the early luteal than early follicular phase (P Ͻ 0.017, 15% intensity). These results indicate that vasodilator responses to forearm exercise are comparable between men and women and are achieved through similar paths of ␣-adrenergic vascular control at moderate intensities; this control may differ at low intensities specific to the female menstrual phase. exercise vasodilation; functional sympatholysis THE UNDERSTANDING OF VASCULAR CONTROL MECHANISMS responsible for skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise stems from predominantly male participants. Given the potential for sexspecific differences in physiological control during exercise, these results are limited in application. Evidence from both animal and human studies indicates that women demonstrate greater blood flow to exercising muscles compared with men (19,25,28). The prominent role of the sympathetic nervous system in the integrated exercise response (29, 37) provides support that sex differences in sympathetic control have the potential to influence muscle blood flow responses.At rest, women exhibit reduced vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic stimulation in both the forearm and calf compared with men (16, 18). One potential mechanism may be related to the vasodilatory effect of estrogen and its ability to inhibit ␣-adrenoceptor binding (32, 33). After acute exposure to increased levels of estrogen, perimenopausal women exhibit blunted norepinephrine (NE) responsi...

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Role of estrogen in nitric oxide- and prostaglandin-dependent modulation of vascular conductance during treadmill locomotion in rats

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Sex differences in time to task failure and blood flow for an intermittent isometric fatiguing contraction

Sex differences in time to task failure and blood flow for an intermittent isometric fatiguing contraction

Sex and limb-specific ischemic reperfusion and vascular reactivity

α-Adrenergic control of blood flow during exercise: effect of sex and menstrual phase

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