Role of essential fatty acids in the function of the developing nervous system

Uauy, Ricardo; Peirano, Patricio; Hoffman, Dennis R.; Mena, Patrícia; Birch, David G.; Birch, Eileen E.

doi:10.1007/bf02637071

Cited by 159 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…29; R.A.V., A. Cleton, I. Postel, and A.L., unpublished data). It is well established that DHA, which is present in mothers' milk, is essential for the early, normal development of the brain and retina (30)(31)(32). Since PUFAs are essential components of the human diet and can pass the blood-brain barrier promptly (19), they may be of therapeutic relevance in preventing epileptic discharges.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons.

Vreugdenhil

Bruehl²,

Voskuyl³

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

273

175

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Recent evidence indicates that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can prevent cardiac arrhythmias by a reduction of cardiomyocyte excitability. This was shown to be due to a modulation of the voltage-dependent inactivation of both sodium (INa) and calcium (ICa) currents. To establish whether PUFAs also regulate neuronal excitability, the effects of PUFAs on INa and ICa were assessed in CAl neurons freshly isolated from the rat hippocampus. Extracellular application of PUFAs produced a concentrationdependent shift of the voltage dependence of inactivation of both INa and ICa to more hyperpolarized potentials. Consequently, they accelerated the inactivation and retarded the recovery from inactivation. The EC50 for the shift of the INa steady-state inactivation curve was 2.1 + 0.4 ,uM for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 4 + 0.4 ,uM for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The EC50 for the shift on the ICa inactivation curve was 2.1 + 0.4 for DHA and >15 ,uM for EPA. Additionally, DHA

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons.

Vreugdenhil

Bruehl²,

Voskuyl³

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

273

175

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“…a-Linolenic acid intake is known to have an influence on the fundamental structural and functional roles in the developing and mature nervous system (Bourre et al, 1993;Uauy et al, 1996), and Figure 1 Odds ratio for depression in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer categorised by quartile of o-3 FAs intake (n ¼ 771). Adjusted for age, sex, performance status, clinical stage, histology, pain, breathlessness, employment, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily omega-3 fatty acid intake and depression in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer

et al. 2004

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The aim of the present study was to examine the association between daily omega-3 fatty acid intake and depression in Japanese cancer patients. Omega-3 fatty acid intake in 771 patients with newly diagnosed primary lung cancer was evaluated using a foodfrequency questionnaire, and the prevalence of depression was examined using the cutoff values for the depression subscale included in the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) for depression among patients in the highest quartile of the total eicosapentaenoic acid-(C20:5n-3) and docosapentaenoic acid (C22:6n-3)-intake group compared with patients in the lowest quartile was not significantly different. On the other hand, the OR among the highest quartile of a-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) intake (adjusted OR ¼ 0.50, 95% CI: 0.31 -0.71, P for trend ¼ 0.004) and the highest quartile of total omega-3 fatty acid intake (adjusted OR ¼ 0.55, 95% CI: 0.35 -0.88, P for trend ¼ 0.022) were significantly different. These results suggest that total eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid intake might not be associated with depression in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer, but that a-linolenic acid intake and total omega-3 fatty acid intake might be.

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“…For example, the whole phototransduction cascade from rhodopsin activation to opening and closing of nucleotide gated channels has been shown to be modulated by membrane LC-PUFA ( 43,(193)(194)(195)(196)(197). They also play important roles in the infl ammatory response, growth, and development of neural tissues (198)(199)(200) and have exhibited anti-angiogenic, anti-vasoproliferative, and neuroproctective functions ( 34,201,202 ). Some classes of LC-PUFA are precursors of potent eicosanoids and docosanoids such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, neuroprotectins, and resolvins, which act as signaling molecules and serve other functions.…”

Section: The Role Of Vlc-pufa In Membrane Structure and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal very long-chain PUFAs: new insights from studies on ELOVL4 protein

Agbaga

Mandal

Anderson

2010

Journal of Lipid Research

146

147

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This article is available online at http://www.jlr.org tively rare compared with the abundance of FA containing 16-22 carbons, they are widely distributed in higher plants and animals ( 1-10 ). They are found in most living organisms from humans to autotrophic and heterotrophic lower organisms, including microalgae, sponges, bacteria, and fungi ( 1,9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). VLC-FA are found mainly in seed oils, plant waxes, cutin, suberin, skin, hair, and wax glands ( 1 ), whereas VLC-PUFA are found primarily in retina, brain ( 1, 16 ), testis, and spermatozoa ( 17-19 ).The unusually long hydrocarbon chains with 3 -9 double bonds, which are prone to oxidative damage, combined with the small quantities found in mammalian tissues, have made them diffi cult to isolate and analyze in detail over the years ( 9 ). Very little is therefore known about the metabolism and function of VLC-PUFA and VLC-FA in mammals, except for their increase in disorders of peroxisomal function ( 3,16,20,21 ), as components of the secretions of meibomian glands (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and their reduction in animal models of autosomal dominant Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3) ( 28-32 ), a juvenile form of macular degeneration. In contrast, the roles of long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) with carbon chains that range from C18 to C24 are fairly well understood, especially in the retina and other neural tissues. A detailed account on the role and function of LC-PUFA in the retina was reviewed earlier (33)(34)(35)(36).Recent interest in the molecular and physiological roles of VLC-PUFA in the retina came from the fi nding that the gene associated with STGD3 shared sequence homologies with genes involved in FA elongation ( 37,38 ) Abbreviations: AOX, acyl-CoA oxidase; DHA or 22:6n3, docosahexaenoic acid; ELOVL, elongation of very long-chain FA; ELOVL4, elongation of very long-chain FA-4; ERG, electroretinogram; LC-PUFA, long-chain PUFA; PC, phosphatidylcholine; ROS, retinal outer segments; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium; STGD1, recessive Stargardt degeneration; STGD3, autosomal dominant Stargardt-like macular dystrophy; VLC-FA, very long-chain saturated or monounsaturated FA; VLC-PUFA, very long-chain PUFA.

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Role of essential fatty acids in the function of the developing nervous system

Cited by 159 publications

References 72 publications

Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons.

Daily omega-3 fatty acid intake and depression in Japanese patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer

Retinal very long-chain PUFAs: new insights from studies on ELOVL4 protein

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