Role of Endophytes in Plant Health and Abiotic Stress Management

Eid, Ahmed M.; Salim, Salim S.; Hassan, Saad El-Din; Ismail, Mohamed A.; Fouda, Amr

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8495-0_6

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Endophytic microorganisms, particularly actinomycetes, are known for their extracellular biologically active compounds, particularly those isolated from medicinal plants [ 26 ]. In this regard, root samples of the medicinal plant A. fragrantissima , located in Saint Katherine, South Sinai, Egypt, were collected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Streptomyces laurentii Mediated Green Synthesis of Ag-NPs with Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties for Developing Functional Textile Fabric Properties

et al. 2020

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Improvement of the medical textile industry has received more attention recently, especially with widespread of microbial and viral infections. Medical textiles with new properties, such as bacterial pathogens self-cleaning, have been explored with nanotechnology. In this study, an endophytic actinomycetes strain of Streptomyces laurentii R-1 was isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Achillea fragrantissima. This is used as a catalyst for the mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) for applications in the textile industry. The biosynthesized Ag-NPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), which confirmed the successful formation of crystalline, spherical metal nanoparticles. The biosynthesized Ag-NPs exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Our data elucidated that the biosynthesized Ag-NPs had a highly cytotoxic effect against the cancerous caco-2 cell line. The selected safe dose of Ag-NPs for loading on cotton fabrics was 100 ppm, regarding their antibacterial activity and safe cytotoxic efficacy. Interestingly, scanning electron microscope connected with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) of loaded cotton fabrics demonstrated the smooth distribution of Ag-NPs on treated fabrics. The obtained results highlighted the broad-spectrum activity of nano-finished fabrics against pathogenic bacteria, even after 5 and 10 washing cycles. This study contributes a suitable guide for the performance of green synthesized NPs for utilization in different biotechnological sectors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Streptomyces laurentii Mediated Green Synthesis of Ag-NPs with Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties for Developing Functional Textile Fabric Properties

et al. 2020

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“…In this direction, the characterization of plant-related endophytes would be beneficial for biotechnological applications of these microbes in different sectors, such as biofertilizers. Microbial endophytes enhance plant growth either directly or indirectly through various mechanisms, such as the synthesis of plant hormones, particularly IAA, phosphorus solubilization, salt tolerance, or abiotic stress amelioration, producing ammonia or hydrolytic enzymes as well as inhibiting phytopathogenic microbes [ 6 , 7 , 35 ]. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the traits for bacterial endophytes that could be described as plant growth-promoting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The endospheric microbes produce secondary active metabolites that protect plants from phytopathogens, in addition to exo-enzyme production, which could be aiding plant colonization. Endophytes may enhance plant growth by phytohormone production and support plant growth under adverse biotic and abiotic stress [ 7 ]. Recently, bacterial endophytes have been used in different biotechnological sectors, such as bio-fertilizers to improve crop production and significantly reduce the chemical input into the environment [ 8 , 9 ], as well as in nanotechnology for the fabrication of various nanoparticles incorporated in different applications [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Leaves of Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC Inherent to Arid Regions

Fouda

Eid

Elsaied

et al. 2021

Plants

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In this study, 15 bacterial endophytes linked with the leaves of the native medicinal plant Pulicaria incisa were isolated and identified as Agrobacterium fabrum, Acinetobacter radioresistant, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus barengoltzii, and Burkholderia cepacia. These isolates exhibited variant tolerances to salt stress and showed high efficacy in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production in the absence/presence of tryptophan. The maximum productivity of IAA was recorded for B. cereus BI-8 and B. subtilis BI-10 with values of 117 ± 6 and 108 ± 4.6 μg mL−1, respectively, in the presence of 5 mg mL−1 tryptophan after 10 days. These two isolates had a high potential in phosphate solubilization and ammonia production, and they showed enzymatic activities for amylase, protease, xylanase, cellulase, chitinase, and catalase. In vitro antagonistic investigation showed their high efficacy against the three phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, and Pythium ultimum, with inhibition percentages ranging from 20% ± 0.2% to 52.6% ± 0.2% (p ≤ 0.05). Therefore, these two endophytic bacteria were used as bio-inoculants for maize seeds, and the results showed that bacterial inoculations significantly increased the root length as well as the fresh and dry weights of the roots compared to the control plants. The Zea mays plant inoculated with the two endophytic strains BI-8 and BI-10 significantly improved (p ≤ 0.05) the growth performance as well as the nutrient uptake compared with an un-inoculated plant.

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“…Fungal endophytes are those colonized intra- or intercellular spaces of plant tissues that do not show any illness symptoms [ 6 ]. Fungal endophytes have various mechanisms to promote plant growth, including phytostimulation, biocontrol, and biofertilizations [ 7 , 8 ]; for example, plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) directly promote plant growth by the production of phytohormones such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid [ 9 ]. Fungal IAA synergistically reacts with endogenous plant IAA, which then stimulate plant growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Medicinal Plant Ephedra pachyclada as Plant Growth-Promoting

et al. 2021

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Endophytic fungi are widely present in internal plant tissues and provide different benefits to their host. Medicinal plants have unexplored diversity of functional fungal association; therefore, this study aimed to isolate endophytic fungi associated with leaves of medicinal plants Ephedra pachyclada and evaluate their plant growth-promoting properties. Fifteen isolated fungal endophytes belonging to Ascomycota, with three different genera, Penicillium, Alternaria, and Aspergillus, were obtained from healthy leaves of E. pachyclada. These fungal endophytes have varied antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic microbes and produce ammonia and indole acetic acid (IAA), in addition to their enzymatic activity. The results showed that Penicillium commune EP-5 had a maximum IAA productivity of 192.1 ± 4.04 µg mL−1 in the presence of 5 µg mL−1 tryptophan. The fungal isolates of Penicillium crustosum EP-2, Penicillium chrysogenum EP-3, and Aspergillus flavus EP-14 exhibited variable efficiency for solubilizing phosphate salts. Five representative fungal endophytes of Penicillium crustosum EP-2, Penicillium commune EP-5, Penicillium caseifulvum EP-11, Alternaria tenuissima EP-13, and Aspergillus flavus EP-14 and their consortium were selected and applied as bioinoculant to maize plants. The results showed that Penicillium commune EP-5 increased root lengths from 15.8 ± 0.8 to 22.1 ± 0.6. Moreover, the vegetative growth features of inoculated maize plants improved more than the uninoculated ones.

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Role of Endophytes in Plant Health and Abiotic Stress Management

Cited by 63 publications

References 158 publications

Endophytic Streptomyces laurentii Mediated Green Synthesis of Ag-NPs with Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties for Developing Functional Textile Fabric Properties

Endophytic Streptomyces laurentii Mediated Green Synthesis of Ag-NPs with Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties for Developing Functional Textile Fabric Properties

Plant Growth-Promoting Endophytic Bacterial Community Inhabiting the Leaves of Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC Inherent to Arid Regions

Isolation and Characterization of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Medicinal Plant Ephedra pachyclada as Plant Growth-Promoting

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