Role of education and communication interventions in promoting micronutrient status in India – what research in the last two decades informs

Gavaravarapu, SubbaRao M.; Konapur, Archana; Saha, Snehasree

doi:10.1080/17538068.2017.1338407

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[ 33 ] In this regard, Gavaravarapu et al in reviewing the meta-analysis showed that nutrition education interventions along with follow-up can be effective in improving children's micronutrient intake and improving children's health. [ 34 ] The study by Chaves et al , which examined retinoic acid deficiency in CLD patients, showed that due to the severity of liver disease, a gradual decrease in serum retinol and RBP was observed and a higher prevalence of severe VAD was observed in cirrhosis. [ 35 ] Regarding the role of Vitamin D in CLD, Vitamin D deficiency is caused by malabsorption or reduction of dietary intake and exposure to sunlight and hydroxylation of the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutritional education program on micronutrient intake in children with chronic liver disease

Namjou

Jafari

Rezaeian

et al. 2021

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

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BACKGROUND: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world that threatens the health of children due to its many complications such as malnutrition and problems related to growth and development. Paying attention to nutrition and lifestyle modification in these children is of special importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutritional education program on micronutrient intake in children with CLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is a two-group randomized clinical trial that was performed by available sampling and referred to Ghaem Children's Hospital in Mashhad in 2016. In this study, 77 children with CLD who met the inclusion criteria (45 children in the intervention group and 32 children in the control group) were studied. The intervention included six workshops and training on proper diet, post-workshop phone calls, and regular face-to-face counseling sessions (first 4 weeks once a week and second 4 weeks once every 2 weeks) on adherence to the above diet. Patients in the control group received routine care. The collection tools in the study included demographic information questionnaires, body composition device, and diet plan form in the form of 24-h recall forms. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistical tests and Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon statistical tests using SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: Based on the results of the study, the mean age of the research units was 7.8 ± 3.6 years. The mean duration of CLD was 4.6 ± 1.8 years in the intervention group and 5.1 ± 1.9 years in the control group. The mean crude intake of most minerals after the intervention was significantly higher than before the intervention, except for the crude intake of retinol, thiamine, riboflavin, folate, Vitamin C, iodine, and Vitamin B12. Furthermore, in relation to the modified intake of micronutrients, the mean modified intake of most micronutrients after the intervention showed a significant increase compared to before, except for retinol, Vitamin D, niacin, B12, and iodine. CONCLUSION: Considering the effect of providing a nutritional education program to improve micronutrient intake in children with CLD and emphasizing the importance of adequate micronutrient intake in improving the health of children, special nutrition programs should be provided to these children with special attention. In this regard, nurses can play an important role in improving the quality of nutrition of children by providing nutrition programs with appropriate follow-up.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutritional education program on micronutrient intake in children with chronic liver disease

Namjou

Jafari

Rezaeian

et al. 2021

Journal of Education and Health Promotion

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“…Dietary diversification is considered one of the long-term sustainable strategies to combat micronutrient malnutrition globally. However, due to the lack of understanding of contextual factors that lead to the success of such interventions, there is a need for critical evaluation of (i) the level of awareness/knowledge and perceptions of the target population and (ii) barriers at community and individual level; apart from certain extraneous factors like availability, affordability and accessibility for practising dietary change ( 34 ) . This in turn could be due to a lack of context-specific validated tools that consider all these aspects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sequential, exploratory, mixed-methods approach for development and validation of a context-specific knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on micronutrients for literate mothers of school-age children

Konapur¹,

Krishnapillai²,

Balakrishna³

et al. 2019

Public Health Nutr.

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ObjectiveTo develop and validate a context-specific comprehensive knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire for literate mothers on factors affecting micronutrient status of 6–10-year-old children.DesignSequential exploratory mixed-methods study using focus group discussions (FGD) and psychometric validation.SettingSeven randomly selected villages with >500 households with three to five family members each, in Ghatkesar sub-district, Medchal district, Telangana state, India.ParticipantsLiterate mothers from middle-income households with at least one child (6–10 years) for FGD (n 44), for testing the internal consistency (n 80) and for test–retest reliability (n 30).ResultsThe themes for FGD were diet diversity, micronutrients, cooking and eating practices, national programmes and sunlight exposure. Knowledge among caregivers about sources of micronutrients, deficiency symptoms, cooking/eating practices was low, while attitude towards diet diversity and sunlight was good. Non-availability of fruits and vegetables was a barrier to diet diversity. About 72 % of the questions from the item pool were based on FGD. After content validity, 125 items were selected for the questionnaire which, upon psychometric validation, was reduced to an eighty-eight-item questionnaire with difficulty index of 0·10–0·91, discrimination index of 0·09–0·68, Cronbach’s α of 0·78 (reliability of knowledge and attitude) and 0·50 (practice). A Bland–Altman plot showed good agreement between test and retest scores.ConclusionsThe questionnaire developed and validated using a sequential exploratory mixed-methods approach can be used for assessing KAP on micronutrients and factors affecting consumption of diverse diets in rural Indian households.

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“…Historically, top-down communication approaches dominated the health and nutrition programmes with centralized planners choosing the media channels and designing the material without contemplating the differences that exist within the populations2267. A review of nutrition education/communication interventions to encourage micronutrient intake and status across various age groups in India68 considered 1250 published research papers, but only 19 studies met the inclusion criterion. The review identified the factors that led to the success of a few interventions, which included ( i ) conducting formative research before designing the intervention using qualitative and quantitative methods for situation analysis, gathering information on locally available micronutrient-rich foods; understanding the knowledge, taboos and dietary practices of target population; ( ii ) identification of clinical signs of deficiency and faulty practices prevalent among the study population before designing targeted interventions; ( iii ) use of multiple channels of communication and experimenting with new methods; ( iv ) simple yet effective kitchen gardening tips and live demonstration of cooking methods to prevent vitamin loss and creating the enabling environment; ( v ) targeting of interventions to population segments - beneficiaries, opinion leaders and community leaders, and ( vi ) involving key members of the community such as local leaders, health functionaries and NGOs and seeking their active participation in the process of communication.…”

Section: Reviews Of Nutrition Communication Studies - Loopholes and Facmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition communication - Rhetoric & reality

Gavaravarapu

2019

Indian J Med Res

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Given the context that undernutrition in India co-exists with the problems of overweight/obesity and associated non-communicable diseases as well as micronutrient deficiencies, integrating nutritional concerns in developmental policies and governance is gaining significance. There are many schemes implemented to tackle malnutrition in India, but creating synergy and linking these schemes with each other to achieve a common goal are lacking. Nutrition communication can be an important component to create the synergy required to change malnourished India to malnutrition-free India. Although nutrition education/communication is recognized as a necessary component in various national nutrition programmes, there is not much evidence of distinct evaluation of these components. Only a minor proportion of community nutrition research has been devoted to nutrition education and communication. Although there are scattered efforts in experimenting with newer communication approaches and media for promoting nutrition, there is a dearth of published literature. In this review an attempt was made to critically examine the nutrition education and communication research and practice with special focus on India. This review provides a historical perspective of evolution of nutrition education and communication with an overview of communication approaches, media, methods and technologies used in various research studies and programmes as well as the lessons learnt.

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Role of education and communication interventions in promoting micronutrient status in India – what research in the last two decades informs

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of nutritional education program on micronutrient intake in children with chronic liver disease

The effect of nutritional education program on micronutrient intake in children with chronic liver disease

A sequential, exploratory, mixed-methods approach for development and validation of a context-specific knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on micronutrients for literate mothers of school-age children

Nutrition communication - Rhetoric & reality

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