Role of dust direct radiative effect on the tropical rain belt over Middle East and North Africa: A high‐resolution AGCM study

Bangalath, Hamza Kunhu; Stenchikov, Georgiy L.

doi:10.1002/2015jd023122

Cited by 35 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…More details of HiRAM with 50-and 25-km horizontal grid spacing can be seen in Zhao et al (2009) and Chen and Lin (2011), respectively. HiRAM has been used previously to study volcanic and dust aerosol impacts (Bangalath & Stenchikov, 2015;Dogar, 2018;Dogar, Stenchikov, et al, 2017;Stenchikov & Dogar, 2012). A detailed description of the HiRAM model, including its different components (e.g., atmospheric and land and sea ice model component) and relevant references regarding the changes, made compared to previous GFDL's atmospheric models are available at https://www.gfdl.…”

Section: Model Description and Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies further emphasized that the regional convective structure and precipitation change are very sensitive to the model horizontal resolution (Bui et al, ; Liu, Yu, & Chen, ). HIRAM model has been previously used effectively to simulate aerosol's direct radiative and circulation impacts (Bangalath & Stenchikov, ; Dogar, ; Dogar & Sato, ; Dogar & Shahid, ; Dogar, Stenchikov, et al, ; Osipov et al, ). The idea of choosing two different HIRAM resolutions is to see if there could be any improvement in the simulations of volcanic impacts with improved resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional Climate Response of Middle Eastern, African, and South Asian Monsoon Regions to Explosive Volcanism and ENSO Forcing

Dogar

Sato

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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It is well observed that the monsoon climate experiences substantial climatic changes following explosive volcanism. Likewise, previous studies show that the monsoon climate regimes, especially, the African and South Asian tropical regions, are adversely affected by El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Hence, studying the sensitivity of the monsoon regions to the effect of these forcing factors, that is, explosive volcanism and volcanic‐induced ENSO forcing, is essential for better understanding the driving mechanism and climate variability in these regions. Using observations and a high resolution atmospheric model, effectively at 50‐ and 25‐km grid spacing, this study shows that ENSO and tropical eruptions together weaken the upward branch of Northern Hemisphere (NH) Hadley cell, that is, Intertropical Convergence Zone. This results in a significant decrease of monsoonal precipitation, suggesting severe drought conditions over the NH tropical rain belt regions. The volcanic‐induced direct radiative cooling and associated land‐sea thermal contrast result in significant warming and drying due to the reduction of clouds over the monsoon regions in boreal summer. The posteruption ENSO circulation also results in warming and drying over NH tropical rain belt regions. This study confirms that the monsoon climate regime responds vigorously to posteruption direct radiative and indirect circulation impacts caused by volcanic‐induced ENSO forcing. Hence, quantification of magnitude and spatial pattern of these postvolcanic direct and indirect climatic responses is important for better understanding of climate variability and changes in Asian and African monsoon regions.

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Section: Model Description and Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Climate Response of Middle Eastern, African, and South Asian Monsoon Regions to Explosive Volcanism and ENSO Forcing

Dogar

Sato

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Dust is a prominent atmospheric aerosol that adversely affects human health, air quality, and atmospheric visibility. Through scattering and absorbing shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiation, dust can also change the Earth's energy balance [Carlson and Benjamin, 1980;Sokolik and Toon, 1996] and hence influence the climate [Ahn et al, 2007;Jin et al, 2014;Bangalath and Stenchikov, 2015]. Asian dust mainly originates in the arid and semiarid regions in northwestern China and deserts of Mongolia, with the largest production during spring [Chen et al, 1999;Merrill et al, 1989;Sun et al, 2001;Xuan and Sokolik, 2002;Zhang et al, 1996Zhang et al, , 1997Zhang et al, , 1998Zhang et al, , 2003Prijith et al, 2013].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the East Asian Monsoon on springtime dust concentrations over China

et al. 2016

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We use 150 year preindustrial simulations of the Community Earth System Model to quantify the impacts of the East Asian Monsoon strength on interannual variations of springtime dust concentrations over China. The simulated interannual variations in March‐April‐May (MAM) dust column concentrations range between 20–40% and 10–60% over eastern and western China, respectively. The dust concentrations over eastern China correlate negatively with the East Asian Monsoon (EAM) index, which represents the strength of monsoon, with a regionally averaged correlation coefficient of −0.64. Relative to the strongest EAM years, MAM dust concentrations in the weakest EAM years are higher over China, with regional relative differences of 55.6%, 29.6%, and 13.9% in the run with emissions calculated interactively and of 33.8%, 10.3%, and 8.2% over eastern, central, and western China, respectively, in the run with prescribed emissions. Both interactive run and prescribed emission run show the similar pattern of climate change between the weakest and strongest EAM years. Strong anomalous northwesterly and westerly winds over the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts during the weakest EAM years result in larger transport fluxes, and thereby increase the dust concentrations over China. These differences in dust concentrations between the weakest and strongest EAM years (weakest‐strongest) lead to the change in the net radiative forcing by up to −8 and −3 W m−2 at the surface, compared to −2.4 and +1.2 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere over eastern and western China, respectively.

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“…Dust aerosol perturbs radiation balance by changing optical properties of the atmosphere (Claquin et al, 2011;Sokolik and Toon, 1999;Myhre et al, 2013). It affects cloud microphysical properties and precipitation development (Solomos et al, 2011;Levin et al, 1996;Miller et al, 2004), changes radiative heating of the surface and the atmosphere, causes significant alterations in the dynamics of the atmosphere (Cuesta et al, 2009;Cavazos-Guerra and Todd, 2012) and thus drives the circulation (Miller and Tegen, 1998;Bangalath and Stenchikov, 2015). Deposition of dust into the ocean provides a source of nutrients to the marine ecosystems (Krishnamurthy et al, 2010;Mahowald et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal cycle of the dust instantaneous direct radiative forcing over the Arabian Peninsula

et al. 2015

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Abstract. In this study we attempted to better quantify radiative effects of dust over the Arabian Peninsula and their dependence on input parameters. For this purpose we have developed a stand-alone column radiation transport model coupled with the Mie, T-matrix and geometric optics calculations and driven by reanalysis meteorological fields and atmospheric composition. Numerical experiments were carried out for a wide range of aerosol optical depths, including extreme values developed during the dust storm on 18-20 March 2012. Comprehensive ground-based observations and satellite retrievals were used to estimate aerosol optical properties, validate calculations and carry out radiation closure. The broadband surface albedo, fluxes at the bottom and top of the atmosphere as well as instantaneous dust radiative forcing were estimated both from the model and observations. Diurnal cycle of the shortwave instantaneous dust direct radiative forcing was studied for a range of aerosol and surface characteristics representative of the Arabian Peninsula. Mechanisms and parameters responsible for diurnal variability of the radiative forcing were evaluated. We found that intrinsic variability of the surface albedo and its dependence on atmospheric conditions, along with anisotropic aerosol scattering, are mostly responsible for diurnal effects.

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Role of dust direct radiative effect on the tropical rain belt over Middle East and North Africa: A high‐resolution AGCM study

Cited by 35 publications

References 120 publications

Regional Climate Response of Middle Eastern, African, and South Asian Monsoon Regions to Explosive Volcanism and ENSO Forcing

Regional Climate Response of Middle Eastern, African, and South Asian Monsoon Regions to Explosive Volcanism and ENSO Forcing

Impacts of the East Asian Monsoon on springtime dust concentrations over China

Diurnal cycle of the dust instantaneous direct radiative forcing over the Arabian Peninsula

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