Role of dorsolateral periaqueductal grey in the coordinated regulation of cardiovascular and respiratory function

Dampney, R.A.L.; Furlong, Teri M.; Horiuchi, Jouji; Iigaya, Kamon

doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2012.12.008

Cited by 99 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Furthermore, the dlPAG (but not other PAG subregions) receives a direct input from the deep layers of the SC (129). At the same time, there are significant differences in the connections of the dlPAG and deep layers of SC; for example, there is a dense projection from the medial prefrontal cortex to the dlPAG but not to the adjacent SC (4) and a descending projection to the pontomedullary reticular formation from the deep layers of SC but not from the dlPAG (42,128). Furthermore, cardiovascular and respiratory responses evoked from the dlPAG, but not those evoked from the SC, are dependent on the activation of the DMH (48,77,114).…”

Section: Role Of Midbrain Colliculi In Integrating Stress-evoked Respmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In that case, it is conceivable that cardiovascular and respiratory responses would only be evoked by activation of the dlPAG if the descending pathway from the DMH were also active. Although there are no direct descending projections from the dlPAG to the lower brain stem (42), there is, as mentioned above, a projection from the dlPAG to the cuneiform nucleus, which has descending projections to cardiovascular and respiratory nuclei in the lower brain stem and is believed to be involved in stress-evoked cardiovascular responses (92,152) (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Role Of Midbrain Pag In Integrating Stress-evoked Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5,25,88,154). The PAG consists of four longitudinal columns referred to as the dorsomedial (dmPAG), dorsolateral (dlPAG), lateral (lPAG), and ventrolateral (vl-PAG) subdivisions, which differ with respect to their functional properties, anatomical connections and chemical properties (4,5,25,42,88,154). The findings of functional and In contrast to the dlPAG, the lPAG is activated primarily by physical stressors and regulates sympathetic and respiratory activity via direct descending projections to medullary nuclei.…”

Section: Role Of Midbrain Pag In Integrating Stress-evoked Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central mechanisms regulating coordinated cardiovascular and respiratory function during stress and arousal

Dampney

2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

127

116

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Actual or potentially threatening stimuli in the external environment (i.e., psychological stressors) trigger highly coordinated defensive behavioral responses that are accompanied by appropriate autonomic and respiratory changes. As discussed in this review, several brain regions and pathways have major roles in subserving the cardiovascular and respiratory responses to threatening stimuli, which may vary from relatively mild acute arousing stimuli to more prolonged life-threatening stimuli. One key region is the dorsomedial hypothalamus, which receives inputs from the cortex, amygdala, and other forebrain regions and which is critical for generating autonomic, respiratory, and neuroendocrine responses to psychological stressors. Recent studies suggest that the dorsomedial hypothalamus also receives an input from the dorsolateral column in the midbrain periaqueductal gray, which is another key region involved in the integration of stress-evoked cardiorespiratory responses. In addition, it has recently been shown that neurons in the midbrain colliculi can generate highly synchronized autonomic, respiratory, and somatomotor responses to visual, auditory, and somatosensory inputs. These collicular neurons may be part of a subcortical defense system that also includes the basal ganglia and which is well adapted to responding to threats that require an immediate stereotyped response that does not involve the cortex. The basal ganglia/colliculi system is phylogenetically ancient. In contrast, the defense system that includes the dorsomedial hypothalamus and cortex evolved at a later time, and appears to be better adapted to generating appropriate responses to more sustained threatening stimuli that involve cognitive appraisal. defensive behavior; sympathetic activity; respiratory activity; hypothalamus; midbrain; sympathetic premotor nuclei AN ANIMAL'S SURVIVAL is dependent on being able to respond appropriately to stressors, which can be categorized into two different groups: interoceptive (also-called physical) stressors and exteroceptive (also-called psychological) stressors (44,133). Physical stressors are those that directly threaten homeostasis, such as hypoxia, hemorrhage, or infection, whereas psychological stressors can be defined as actual or perceived threats in the external environment. Psychological stressors can be further subdivided into conditioned stressors (i.e., ones that are normally innocuous but which are perceived as threatening because of previous experiences) or unconditioned stressors (i.e., ones that are intrinsically threatening, such as the sight, sound, or odor of a predator). Physical and psychological stressors activate different populations of neurons in the brain (44,63,102). Similarly, there is evidence that the autonomic responses to conditioned and unconditioned psychological stressors are also mediated by different pathways in the brain (62). In this review, which is based on my 2013 Carl Ludwig Distinguished Lecture to the American Physiological Society, I consider the brain mec...

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Section: Role Of Midbrain Colliculi In Integrating Stress-evoked Respmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Role Of Midbrain Pag In Integrating Stress-evoked Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Midbrain Pag In Integrating Stress-evoked Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central mechanisms regulating coordinated cardiovascular and respiratory function during stress and arousal

Dampney

2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

127

116

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“…8,37 Activation of the ventrolateral column produces a reduction in cardiovascular activity, whereas activation of the dorsolateral column is associated with an increased cardiovascular activation. 38 The dorsolateral, lateral, and ventrolateral columns of the PAG have distinct reciprocal connections with autonomic centers of the lower brain stem and hypothalamus that differentially regulate activity in neurons of the peripheral autonomic pathways. 39 Our results show that stimulation of the dorsolateral and ventrolateral columns of the PAG for treatment of chronic neuropathic pain results in a differentiated sympathetic discharge pattern and hemodynamic response related to the underlying mechanism for pain relief.…”

Section: Msna and Brs In Pag Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiated Baroreflex Modulation of Sympathetic Nerve Activity During Deep Brain Stimulation in Humans

et al. 2014

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Targeted electric deep brain stimulation in midbrain nuclei in humans alters cardiovascular parameters, presumably by modulating autonomic and baroreflex function. Baroreflex modulation of sympathetic outflow is crucial for cardiovascular regulation and is hypothesized to occur at 2 distinct brain locations. The aim of this study was to evaluate sympathetic outflow in humans with deep brain stimulating electrodes during ON and OFF stimulation of specific midbrain nuclei known to regulate cardiovascular function. Multiunit muscle sympathetic nerve activity was recorded in 17 patients undergoing deep brain stimulation for treatment of chronic neuropathic pain (n=7) and Parkinson disease (n=10). Sympathetic outflow was recorded during ON and OFF stimulation. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory frequency were monitored during the recording session, and spontaneous vasomotor and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity were assessed. Head-up tilt testing was performed separately in the patients with Parkinson disease postoperatively. Stimulation of the dorsal most part of the subthalamic nucleus and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray resulted in improved vasomotor baroreflex sensitivity, decreased burst frequency and blood pressure, unchanged burst amplitude distribution, and a reduced fall in blood pressure after tilt. Stimulation of the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray resulted in a shift in burst amplitude distribution toward larger amplitudes, decreased spontaneous beat-to-beat blood pressure variability, and unchanged burst frequency, baroreflex sensitivity, and blood pressure. Our results indicate that a differentiated regulation of sympathetic outflow occurs in the subthalamic nucleus and periaqueductal gray. These results may have implications in our understanding of abnormal sympathetic discharge in cardiovascular disease and provide an opportunity for therapeutic targeting.

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“…In rats, microinjection of kainic acid in the lPAG and vlPAG produces forward avoidance [13] and a quiescent behavior [14], respectively. These emotional behaviors are often accompanied by autonomic activities such as specific adaptive breathing patterns, changes in blood pressure [4,12,[15][16][17] and micturition [18,19], all of which synchronously produce coordinated responses to environmental and emotional challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical and Physiological Considerations for the role of the Periaqueductal gray in expressing emotions

Ajayi¹

2017

MOJAP

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The midbrain periaqueductal gray is a crucial interphase between the forebrain and nuclei in the brainstem that directly control basic physiologic functions. Recently, the role of the midbrain periaqueductal gray has been evolving as it is found to also regulate the expression of emotions. However, literature around this brain area is meager. The current article sheds light on the known anatomy and physiology of the periaquductal gray. In the context of whole-brain functioning, gaps in the literature are highlighted, which could be investigated to enhance the current understanding of this brain structure.

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Role of dorsolateral periaqueductal grey in the coordinated regulation of cardiovascular and respiratory function

Cited by 99 publications

References 88 publications

Central mechanisms regulating coordinated cardiovascular and respiratory function during stress and arousal

Central mechanisms regulating coordinated cardiovascular and respiratory function during stress and arousal

Differentiated Baroreflex Modulation of Sympathetic Nerve Activity During Deep Brain Stimulation in Humans

Neuroanatomical and Physiological Considerations for the role of the Periaqueductal gray in expressing emotions

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