Role of dietary L-carnitine supplements on improving of reproductive performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

Studies on the effect of dietary L-carnitine supplements on reproductive performance for Oreochromis niloticus are scarce. A Seven months feeding trial was undertaken to examine four L-carnitine levels (control, 300, 600 and 900 mg kg 1 diet) on the reproductive performance for Oreochromis niloticus females and their fries during whole hatching season. A 120 females for were randomly distributed into 4 ponds (30 females per pond) represent four treatments and 4 ponds for the fry produced. During of this study, the reproductive traits for females and growth performance for fries were recorded. It was found that the dietary Lcarnitine supplementation at all levels (300, 600 and 900 mg -1 kg) significantly (P<0.01) increased all reproductive performance parameters (females weight (FW), total egg weight per female (EW/F), egg weight (g) per gm of body weight (EW/GF), Absolute and relative fecundity (ABS) and (REL), The ratio of number of eggs / one gram of egg (NE/GE), Hatchability percentage (Hat%), Fry number per fish (FN/F) and Fry number per gram of female body weight (FN/GF)), also, increased all growth performance parameters for fries produced (body weight, daily weight gain and specific growth rate). and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER).

Scanning electron microscopy and histomorphology of the epiglottis in dromedaries: A study revealing unusual structure with the probable functional role

“…In contrast to other domestic animals, the lamina propria has few glands in the camels (Eshra et al, ; Fath El‐Bab, ), and instead, tortuous ducts, which derived from the deeply located glands were distributed throughout the propria.…”

“…Interestingly, some local adaptations were mentioned in the previous studies without detailed description, such as, the deeply situated glands (Fath El‐Bab, ), the vast muscular attachment (Metwally, Hussieni, Kassab, & Eshra, ), and the highly resilient base of the epiglottis that is formed of alternate processes and depressions (Eshra, Metwally, Hussieni, & Kassab, ). These features imply a special organization of camel epiglottis that requires closer investigations.…”