Role of depression, anxiety and stress in patients with oral lichen planus: A pilot study

Abstract

Context:Lichen planus is a psychosomatic disease. Higher frequency of psychiatric symptoms, poor quality of life, higher level of anxiety and neuroendocrine and immune dysregulations, all these factors, will enhance the exacerbation of the disease.Aims:The present study was to assess depression, anxiety and stress levels in patients with oral lichen planus.Materials and Methods:The psychometric evaluation using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-42 questionnaire was carried out, by the same investigator on all members of group 1 (Oral Lichen Planus) and group 2 (Control). DASS-42 questionnaire consists of 42 symptoms divided into three subscales of 14 items: Depression scale, anxiety scale, and stress scale.Statistical Analysis Used:The Student t test was used to determine statistical difference for both the groups and to evaluate for significant relationships among variables.Results:Psychological assessment using DASS-42 reveals lichen planus patients showed higher frequency of psychiatric co morbidities like depression, anxiety and stress compared to control group.Conclusions:This study has provided evidence that the DASS-42 questionnaire is internally consistent and valid measures of depression, anxiety, and stress. Psychiatric evaluation can be considered for patients with oral lichen planus with routine treatment protocols are recommended. DASS-42 Questionnaire can also be used to determine the level of anxiety, stress and depression in diseases of the oral mucosa like recurrent apthous stomatitis, burning mouth syndrome and TMD disorders.

Stress Evaluation Using Das Scale and Salivary Cortisol in Patients With Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Leukoplakia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

“…Oral lichen planus patients showed higher than normal stress, anxiety and depression levels when evaluated by DASScale which was in accordance with by Shah B et al 3 , Kalkur C et al 16 , showed higher stress, anxiety and depression levels than normal evaluated by DASScale. Studies by Pekiner FN et al 17 , who stated that higher 21 also found higher anxiety and depression levels in OLP patients but using different psychometric tests which were in accordance with present study which proves strong association of OLP with stress, anxiety and depression levels.…”

Psychological disorders and quality of life in oral lichen planus patients and a control group

“…Wilson's original description of LP already included the presence of hysteria, anxiety and depression as aetiological factors. Since then, many authors have demonstrated the importance of these psychological factors in the onset and development of the disease (Adamo et al, 2015;Alves et al, 2015;Čanković et al, 2015;Kalkur, Sattur, & Guttal, 2015;Sandhu et al, 2014;Suresh et al, 2015;Valter et al, 2013). Our results are similar to previous ones, considering that the HADS test showed higher levels of anxiety and depression among the OLP group patients than among the members of the control group.…”

Roles of serum uric acid, prolactin levels, and psychosocial factors in oral lichen planus

“…Depression and anxiety share the nonspecific factor of general distress. Stress is characterized by persistent tension, irritability, and a low threshold for becoming upset or frustrated (negative affect), and a tendency to overreact to stressful events (35). Any one of these three components can lead to psychological distress, thus any component can precipitate a dermatological or mucosal disorder, such as LP, or can lead to changes in levels of hormones associated with psychological distress, such as PRL (19).…”