Role of cytokines in epidermal Langerhans cell migration

Wang, Binghe; Amerio, Paolo; Sauder, Daniel N.

doi:10.1002/jlb.66.1.33

Cited by 151 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…The mechanism by which LC are activated in the epidermis by gene gun requires further investigation. It is possible that microdamage of epidermal cells initiates stress signals, perhaps through apoptotic/necrotic mechanisms (28) and/or the elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines (29). We examined a number of DC-specific and leukocyte-specific markers to characterize the cells that migrate in response to gene gun.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Inducible, Dendritic Cell-Based Genetic Immunization

Timares

Safer

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

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Determining the mechanism of Ag loading of Langerhans cells (LC) for genetic immunization (GI) is complicated by the inability to distinguish between the response generated by direct transfection of LC from that due to exogenous uptake. To unravel this mechanism, we examined the impact of gene gun treatment on LC with respect to their activation and migration from skin, transgene expression, and ability to initiate humoral and cellular immune responses upon transfer to naive mice. To assess responses generated by direct LC transfection, an RU486-inducible expression system was used as a GI vector. In vitro skin organ cultures were developed from gene gun immunized mouse ear specimens to obtain LC. Gene gun treatment markedly augmented (3-fold) LC migration from ear skin, and these LC expressed the transgene at RNA and protein levels. Transfer of 2 × 105 migratory cells resulted in identical cellular responses to, but 10-fold lower humoral responses than, standard GI. Using an RU486-inducible system, we were able to measure responses generated by directly transfected LC. Our results indicate that direct transfection is a predominant pathway for LC Ag loading. The ability to regulate transgene expression with inducible DC-based vaccines demonstrates a new level of immunological control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Inducible, Dendritic Cell-Based Genetic Immunization

Timares

Safer

et al. 2003

The Journal of Immunology

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“…We tested the effects of PACAP on production of the cytokines IL-1 g and IL-10 because they play crucial, but opposite roles in cutaneous immunity. IL-1 g is pro-inflammatory while IL-10 is antiinflammatory, down-regulating cell-mediated immunity [22]. Stimulation of XS106 cells with LPS/GM-CSF significantly increased IL-g production (Fig.…”

Section: Pacap-modulated Cytokine Expression In the Lc-like Cell Linementioning

confidence: 91%

Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide inhibits cutaneous immune function

et al. 2003

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Epidermal nerves are closely associated with Langerhans cells (LC) and may be able to release factors, such as calcitonin gene-related peptide and epinephrine, that affect LC function. LC and the LC-like cell line XS106 express mRNA for the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) receptors VPAC1 and VPAC2. We examined whether PACAP regulates cutaneous immunity. Intradermal administration of PACAP prior to application of a contact sensitizer at the injected site inhibited the induction of contact hypersensitivity. Pretreatment of murine epidermal cells enriched for LC content (˚12% LC) with PACAP inhibited their ability to elicit delayed-type hypersensitivity in previously immunized mice. In vitro, PACAP suppressed the ability of both murine epidermal cells and highly purified LC (˚95%) to present antigen to a T cell clone and hybridoma. Furthermore, in LC and the XS106 cell line, PACAP inhibited the LPS/GM-CSF-induced stimulation of IL-1 g secretion and augmented IL-10 production. PACAP also down-regulated CD86 expression in LPS/GM-CSF-stimulated XS106 cells. The immunosuppressive effects of PACAP may be due to modulation of cytokine production and CD86 expression.

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“…Langerhans' cells (LCs) were originally described as an epidermal macrophage population containing large granules and capable of phagocytosis (Hume et al ., 1983;Ralfkiaer et al ., 1985). The discovery of their ability to migrate after activation from the skin to the regional lymph nodes, a hallmark characteristic of dendritic cells, later typed LCs as immature dendritic cells (Cumberbatch & Kimber, 1992;Yamazaki et al ., 1998;Wang et al ., 1999). Although both macrophages and LCs belong to myeloid lineage, the precise lineage relationship between them is not yet clear.…”

Section: Ontogeny and Distribution Of Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity in aging: impact on macrophage function

et al. 2004

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SummaryInnate and adaptive immune functions decline with age, leading to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancer, and reduced responses to preventive vaccination in the elderly population. Macrophages function as 'pathogen sensors' and play an important role in the initiation of inflammatory responses, elimination of pathogens, manipulation of the adaptive immune response and reparation of damaged tissue. In this paper, we review the literature addressing the impact of aging on the macrophage population.

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Role of cytokines in epidermal Langerhans cell migration

Cited by 151 publications

References 84 publications

Drug-Inducible, Dendritic Cell-Based Genetic Immunization

Drug-Inducible, Dendritic Cell-Based Genetic Immunization

Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide inhibits cutaneous immune function

Innate immunity in aging: impact on macrophage function

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