Role of copper chloride in the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans during incineration

Hatanaka, Takeshi; Kitajima, Akio; Takeuchi, Masao

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.058

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, CuCl 2 also acts as an oxidizer, promoting the combustion efficiency, which in turn results in a lower PCDD/F formation (Hatanaka et al, 2001). In the experiment, the concentration of PCDD/Fs reduced to 4.78 ng g -1 or 0.82 ng I-TEQ g -1 with the addition of CuCl 2 , which was in line with the findings of Hatanaka et al (2004). When the raw meal was used in the experiment B-3 for the PCDD/F formation, the concentration of PCDD/Fs decreased from 9.18 ng g -1 or 1.65 ng I-TEQ g -1 to 5.85 ng g -1 or 0.98 ng I-TEQ g -1 ; the corresponding suppression efficiencies were 36.3% and 40.7%.…”

Section: Additional Chlorine and Suppression Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 77%

Suppression of PCDD/Fs by Raw Meal in Cement Kilns

Lin

Ji²,

Zhan

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Raw meal of the cement production process could probably suppress the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). In this study, these suppression effects were studied and compared during the co-processing of municipal solid waste (MSW) with conventional feed materials such as pure CaCO 3 , and pure CaO. A top suppression efficiency of 96% was achieved for a ratio of MSW to raw meal of 1:15. Moreover, NaCl and CuCl 2 were added to the mix of feed material and MSW, to reveal the impact of additional chlorine and cations on PCDD/F formation. Similarly, the raw meal was mixed with the kiln dust to investigate possible suppression effects of those PCDD/Fs formed through the precursor or the de novo synthesis at a temperature of 350°C. The raw meal suppressed the formation of PCDD/Fs from kiln dust. Furthermore, the raw meal could not suppress the formation of PCDD/Fs on mixtures of kiln dust and NaCl or CuCl 2 , which could be associated with a potential increase in the formation effects of PCDD/Fs on the raw meal. The results can help in potential decision-making on the applicability of certain cement kilns on the co-processing of MSW containing high levels of Cl and Cu.

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Section: Additional Chlorine and Suppression Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 77%

Suppression of PCDD/Fs by Raw Meal in Cement Kilns

Lin

Ji²,

Zhan

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Furthermore, it was reported that metallic chlorides CuCl, CuCl 2 (Hatanaka et al 2004;Wang et al 2002), FeCl 3 (Olie et al 1998;Kuzuhara et al 2003) might affect the formation and transformation of PAHs and PCDD/Fs during combustion. The decrease of metal content in the classified MSW is mainly attributed to sorting of metals and paper printed with heavy metal containing materials (Yasuhara et al 2005), and this decrease might also reduce PAH generation from MSW incineration.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Pahs In Residues From Msw Incinerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of MSW Source-Classified Collection on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Residues from Full-Scale Incineration in China

Shi

Tang

et al. 2008

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) sourceclassified collection represents an advancement in resource recycling and secondary pollution control in China. Comparative experiments were performed to assess the effect of a newly-established MSW source-classified collection system on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bottom ash from an incinerator (BA), fly ash from a boiler (FAB) and fly ash from a bag filter (FABF) of a full-scale MSW incinerator in China. Compared with FAB or FABF, PAHs were mainly concentrated in BA with a range of 1,961.0-2,420.2 μg/kg. Total amounts of 16 high priority PAHs in BA, FAB and FABF from the classified MSW incineration were significantly reduced by 19.0%, 42.4% and 59.8% respectively in comparison with those from the traditional mixed MSW incineration. Moreover, the toxic equivalent quantity (B[a]P eq ) of carcinogenic PAHs in these three kinds of residues from the classified MSW incineration were significantly decreased, with the maximum decrease observed in FABF. As a result of source-classification with effective presorting and dewatering, plastics and metals in the MSW were lower, but combustibles and heat values of the MSW increased. Due to variations of the characteristics of the feed waste, complete combustion conditions including continuous higher incineration temperature, lower CO concentration and higher air excess ratio were observed during the process of classified MSW incineration. Incineration temperature and CO concentration showed a negative and positive correlation, respectively, with total PAHs, indicating that incomplete combustion products such as PAHs could be reduced by controlling combustion conditions directly related to properties of the feed waste. The newly established MSW source-classified collection process could be a feasible method for reducing PAHs formation and emission in residues from MSW incineration.

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“…The SeCu fly ash was compared with fly ash from other thermal-related processes, and it was found that the Cu concentration was much higher in the SeCu fly ash than in fly ash from a MSWI plant (0.47-0.33 mg g À1 ) (Cobo et al, 2009) and fly ash from an integrated iron and steel facility (0.12-7.95 mg g À1 ) (Tsai et al, 2007). PCNs are usually formed along with PCDDs and PCDFs, and the formation of all of these chemicals is probably favored by the presence of carbon, chlorine, and transition metals, such as Cu, on the surfaces of fly ash particles (Addink and Olie, 1995;Hatanaka et al, 2004;Stanmore, 2004;Chin et al, 2011). Therefore, we speculated that the fly ash we had prepared could lead to the formation of PCNs under favorable conditions.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%