Role of Clinical Insight at First Month in Predicting Relapse at the Year in First Episode of Psychosis (FEP) Patients

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical insight constitutes a useful marker of the progress and outcome of the First Episode of Psychosis (FEP), and lack of insight has been associated with more severe psychopathology, treatment non-adherence, and rehospitalization/relapse. In this study, we aimed to further investigate the possible role of insight as a predictor of relapse, its relation to diagnosis, and other parameters of positive psychotic symptomatology (delusions, hallucinations, and suspiciousness). Methods: The Athens FEP study employed a prospective, longitudinal cohort design in which consecutive newly diagnosed patients with psychosis were interviewed and asked to voluntarily participate after completing informed consent. A total of 88/225 patients were examined at three different time points (baseline, month, and year). Their scores in the relevant items of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were compared (G12 for insight, P1 for delusions, P3 for hallucinations, and P6 for suspiciousness), and they were further associated to diagnosis and the outcome at the end of the year (remission/relapse). Results: In total, 22/88 patients with relapse at the year had greater scores in G12 for both the month and the year, and this finding was corroborated after adjusting the statistical analysis for demographics, diagnosis, social environment, and depression via multiple logistic regression analysis. Moreover, delusions and suspiciousness were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with non-affective psychosis compared to those diagnosed with affective psychosis (p < 0.001) at the first month. Conclusions: Lack of insight at the first month may serve as a predictor of relapse at the year.