Role of Circadian Rhythms in Major Plant Metabolic and Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Plants require an endogenous regulatory network and mechanism to cope with diurnal environmental changes and compensate for their sessile nature. Plants use the circadian clock to anticipate diurnal changes. Circadian rhythm predicts a 24-h cycle with 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness in response to abiotic and biotic factors as well as the appropriate temperature. For a plant’s fitness, proper growth, and development, these rhythms synchronize the diurnal photoperiodic changes. Input pathway, central oscillator, and output pathway are the three components that make up the endogenous clock. There are also transcriptional and translational feedback loops (TTFLs) in the clock, which are dependent on the results of gene expression. Several physiological processes, such as stress acclimatization, hormone signaling, morphogenesis, carbon metabolism, and defense response, are currently being investigated for their interactions with the circadian clock using phenotypic, genomic, and metabolic studies. This review examines the role of circadian rhythms in the regulation of plant metabolic pathways, such as photosynthesis and carbon metabolism, as well as developmental and degenerative processes, such as flowering and senescence. Furthermore, we summarized signaling pathways related to circadian rhythms, such as defense response and gene regulatory pathways.

Jack of all trades: Genome assembly of Wild Jack and comparative genomics of Artocarpus

“…Circadian rhythm of plants controls the molecular and cellular expression patterns to regulate better and mediate the light and dark periods, which in turn gives a fitness benefit to the plant ( Venkat and Muneer, 2022 ). A. heterophyllus has two positively selected genes, PRR7 (pseudo-response regulator 7) and CSNK2A (Casein kinase II subunit alpha), which regulate plant circadian rhythms (see Figure 8C ).…”

Jack of all trades: genome assembly of Wild Jack and comparative genomics of Artocarpus

“…Circadian rhythm of plants controls the molecular and cellular expression patterns to regulate better and mediate the light and dark periods, which in turn gives a fitness benefit to the plant (Venkat and Muneer, 2022). A. heterophyllus has two positively selected genes, PRR7 (pseudo-response regulator 7) and CSNK2A (Casein kinase II subunit alpha), which regulate plant circadian rhythms.…”

“…Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) EIX receptor 1/2 was positively selected in both A. heterophyllus and A. altilis. Other than this PRR, A. altilis showed positive selection in multiple different genes involved in plant-pathogen interactions, like CNGC (Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel), a transmembrane protein providing fungal response PTI1 (pto-interacting protein 1), BAK1 and KCS (3-ketoacyl-coA synthase) involved in bacterial defence responses.Circadian rhythm in the plant (see Figure8C): Circadian rhythm of plants controls the molecular and cellular expression patterns to regulate better and mediate the light and dark periods, which in turn gives a fitness benefit to the plant(Venkat and Muneer, 2022). A. heterophyllus has two positively selected genes, PRR7 (pseudo-response regulator 7) and CSNK2A (Casein kinase II subunit alpha), which regulate plant circadian rhythms.…”

Distinct GmASMTs are involved in regulating transcription factors and signalling cross-talk across embryo development, biotic, and abiotic stress in soybean

“…By utilizing circadian rhythm datasets, we found that GmASMT27 showed circadian clock oscillation ( Figure 3 ), a characteristics feature of LCL1, involved in maintaining circadian rhythmicity in plants ( Wang et al, 2020 ). Recent reports also demonstrated the importance of circadian rhythm in various physiological processes, metabolic pathways, developmental and degenerative processes ( Venkat and Muneer, 2022 ).…”