Role of Cholinergic Mechanisms in States of Wakefulness and Sleep

Domino, Edward F.; Yamamoto, Ken; Dren, Anthony T.

doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)64547-1

Cited by 95 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We first tested the involvement of muscarinic receptors in the action of EAc by the systemic administration of scopolamine prior to the EAc. Pharmacological evidence suggests that cholinergic mechanisms are involved in wakefulness and cortical activation [13,21], which is consistent with our observations of increases in SWS, but not REMS, during the active (dark) period after blockade of muscarinic action with intraperitoneal scopolamine in normal rats without EAc stimuli. This result is consistent with other observations that intraperitoneal atropine decreases REMS and increases SWS in humans [33] and that intraperitoneal atropine reduces arousal and provokes SWS in mice [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Electroacupuncture at ‘Anmian (Extra)’ Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Yi¹,

Tsai²,

Lin³

et al. 2004

J Biomed Sci

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Electroacupuncture (EAc) possesses a broad therapeutic effect, including improvement of sleep disturbances. The mechanism of sleep improvement with EAc, however, is still unclear. The present study investigated the effects of EAc stimulation of ‘Anmian (extra)’ acupoints on sleep organization and the implication of an active structure, the caudal nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Rats were implanted with electroencephalogram (EEG) recording electrodes, and 32-gauge acupuncture needles were bilaterally inserted into ‘Anmian (extra)’ acupoints in the rats, followed by electrical stimulation for 20 min. Twenty-three-hour continuous EEGs were then recorded. Results showed that rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) was enhanced during the dark period when a single EAc stimulation was given 25 min prior to the onset of the dark period. REMS and slow-wave sleep (SWS) increased during the dark period after administration of EAc stimuli on 2 consecutive days. Electrical stimulation of non-acupoints produced no change in the sleep pattern. Pharmacological blockade of muscarinic cholinergic receptors by systemic administration of scopolamine dose-dependently attenuated EAc-induced changes in REMS and SWS. Furthermore, electrical lesions in the bilateral caudal NTS produced significant blockade of EAc-induced sleep enhancement. However, in rats without EAc, scopolamine increased SWS during the dark period, but caudal NTS lesions did not alter sleep. In addition, neither EAc nor scopolamine with EAc manipulation produced any change in the slow-wave activity (SWA) during SWS; however, the SWA during SWS was significantly reduced after caudal NTS lesion with EAc. These results suggest that the caudal NTS may be involved in the regulation of EAc-induced sleep alterations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of Electroacupuncture at ‘Anmian (Extra)’ Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Yi¹,

Tsai²,

Lin³

et al. 2004

J Biomed Sci

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“…Several explanations are possible. Studies have not only suggested that acetylcholine is critical for production of REM sleep (42), but also that cholinergic systems are vital for maintenance of sustained wakefulness (43) and probably operate through both basal forebrain circuits and projections from the mesencephalic reticular formation (44). Another explanation, essentially more complementary than competing, involves REM sleep as a marker for integrity of the biological clock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysomnographic and Clinical Correlates of Behaviorally Observed Daytime Sleep in Nursing Home Residents

Endeshaw¹,

Ouslander²,

Schnelle³

et al. 2007

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and M

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“…Domino et al (1968) induced REM-like states in intact cats with physostigmine and arecoline, a muscarinic agonist. Furthermore, on the basis of studies in reserpinized animals, Karczmar et al (1970) found that physostigmine induced REM sleep and proposed that REM sleep is facilitated as the ratio of cholinergic to aminergic activity increases.…”

Section: Administration Of Cholinesterase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atropine and scopolamine delay and reduce the amount of REM sleep in intact and pontine animals (Jouvet, 1975;Domino et al 1968), diminish the number of PGO spikes (Henrickson et al 1972), and block the REM promoting effects of cholinergic agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors (George et al 1964;Domino et al 1968;Jouvet, 1975;Pompeiano, 1980;Hobson, 1982).…”

Section: Administration Of Cholinergic Antagonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep: cholinergic mechanisms

Gillin¹,

Sitaram²

1984

Psychol. Med.

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EDITORIALRapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep: cholinergic mechanisms 1 Otto Loewe conceived of the experiment that led to the discovery of Vagusstoff or acetylcholine during a dream. As this review will attempt to show, it is likely that acetylcholine, acting as a neurotransmitter on a muscarinic synapse within the dorsal tegmentum of the pons, triggered the dream that resulted in its own discovery.Evidence for the involvement of acetylcholine with Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep comes both from human and animal studies. REM sleep is a complicated state, involving, on the psychological level, dreaming, and, on the physiological, activation of the EEG, bursts of rapid eye movements, atonia of the major antigravity muscles, monophasic waves in the pontine, geniculate and occipital areas (PGO spikes), hippocampal theta waves, variability of autonomic functioning, and increased firing rates of most central neurones (with notable exceptions, to be mentioned later). There is also a circadian propensity to REM sleep in man and many mammals. Acetylcholine may be involved in nearly all aspects of REM sleep. ANIMAL STUDIESSix different types of data from animal studies suggest that acetylcholine plays an important role in REM sleep.

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Role of Cholinergic Mechanisms in States of Wakefulness and Sleep

Cited by 95 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of Electroacupuncture at ‘Anmian (Extra)’ Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Effects of Electroacupuncture at ‘Anmian (Extra)’ Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Polysomnographic and Clinical Correlates of Behaviorally Observed Daytime Sleep in Nursing Home Residents

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep: cholinergic mechanisms

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Role of Cholinergic Mechanisms in States of Wakefulness and Sleep

Cited by 95 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of Electroacupuncture at &lsquo;Anmian (Extra)&rsquo; Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Effects of Electroacupuncture at &lsquo;Anmian (Extra)&rsquo; Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Polysomnographic and Clinical Correlates of Behaviorally Observed Daytime Sleep in Nursing Home Residents

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep: cholinergic mechanisms

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Product

Resources

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Effects of Electroacupuncture at ‘Anmian (Extra)’ Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius

Effects of Electroacupuncture at ‘Anmian (Extra)’ Acupoints on Sleep Activities in Rats: The Implication of the Caud al Nucleus tractus solitarius