Role of Chemokines in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Angiogenesis and Inflammation

Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common types of aggressive cancer. The tumor tissue, which shows an active angiogenesis, is composed of neoplastic and stromal cells, and an abundant inflammatory infiltrate. Angiogenesis is important to support tumor growth, while infiltrating cells contribute to the tumor microenvironment through the secretion of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, important molecules in the progression of the disease. Chemokines are important in development, activation of the immune response, and physiological angiogenesis. Chemokines have emerged as important regulators in the pathophysiology of cancer. These molecules are involved in the angiogenesis/angiostasis balance and in the recruitment of tumor infiltrating hematopoietic cells. In addition, chemokines promote tumor cell survival, as well as the directing and establishment of tumor cells to metastasis sites. The findings summarized here emphasize the central role of chemokines as modulators of tumor angiogenesis and their potential role as therapeutic targets in the inflammatory process of NSCLC angiogenesis.

Leukocyte Cell-Derived Chemotaxin 2 Retards Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression Through Antagonizing MET and EGFR Activities

“…In addition to endothelial cells, LECT2 was also reported to activate macrophages, resulting in increased phagocytic activity and cytokine expressions such as interferon (IFN)-g and the chemokine INF-g-inducible protein 10 kDa (CXCL-10) [32]. In a xenograft model of lung adenocarcinoma, the production of CXCL10 was inversely correlated with tumor growth, resulting in a marked reduction in tumorassociated angiogen esis [37,38]. IFN-γ was shown to be involved in the antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and proapoptotic effects against cancer cells [39].…”

Postoperative infectious complications-driven recurrence after radical resection for esophageal cancer

“…In the 1970s, the phenomenon so-called "inflammatory oncotaxis" was first reported [4]. Accumulating evidence revealed pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and chemokines, contribute to cancer cell survival, infiltration, and expansion [14,15]. In addition, postseptic immune defect produced by regulatory T cell has ability to progress cancer [16,17].…”

Anti‐Metastatic and Anti‐Angiogenic Activities of Core–Shell SiO2@LDH Loaded with Etoposide in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer

“…The mechanism of the anti‐metastasis effect of SiO 2 @LDH must be further explained in depth. Tube formation, CAM, and matrigel plugs indicate reduced angiogenesis, which is a crucial progress in cancer metastasis 33. Metastasis occurs when tumor cells from a primary organ migrate to another site, where they form a new tumor.…”