Role of central nervous system neurotransmitters in mediating the effects of morphine on growth hormone-and prolactin-secretion in the rat

Koenig, James I.; Mayfield, M.A.; Coppings, R. J.; McCann, Samuel M.; Krulich, L.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)91130-0

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In the same animals, however, the GH response is intact. However, if noradrenergic neurotransmission was interrupted, the GH response to morphine was blocked without effect on the PRL response (38). These findings suggest that the opioids activate 5-HT neurotransmission, as demonstrated by Moore and coworkers (1 5 ) and may have the same effect on noradrenergic systems.…”

Section: Regulation Of Prolactin Secretionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The possible mechanisms involved in this effect involve activation of 5-HT pathways or inhibition of dopaminergic systems. If rats were treated with a 5-HT receptor antagonist, such as metergoline, para-chlorophenylalanine, an irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase which depletes hypothalamic stores of 5-HT; or a 5-HT neurotoxin, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine before the administration of morphine, the PRL response induced by morphine was attenuated by 70-80% (38,76). In the same animals, however, the GH response is intact.…”

Section: Regulation Of Prolactin Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pituitary Gland: Neuropeptides, Neurotransmitters and Growth Factors

Koenig

1989

Toxicol Pathol

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ABSTIZACXThe hypothalamus receives neuronal afferents from numerous sources including inputs from limbic structures, such as the amygdala and hippocampus, and from brainstem regions involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and other autonomic functions. These afferents using a vast array of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides influence the activity of the hypothalamic neurons which synthesize and secrete the hypothalamic releasing and release-inhibiting factors into the hypophyseal portal circulatory system. The afferents can modulate the activity of the hypothalamic neurons by forming synapses on the neuronal cell body, on the nerve terminals in the median eminence or both. The chemicals most frequently used as neurotransmitters are the biogenic amines, including the catecholamines (norepinephrine, dopamine and epinephrine), serotonin, acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The stirnulatory influence of norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholine on the secretion of corticotropin (ACTH) in rodents and man will be discussed, whereas GABA exerts an inhibitory effect on the secretion of ACTH in both man and rodents. These effects appear to be mediated by changes in the secretion of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and vasopressin into the hypophyseal portal circulation. Numerous neuropeptides appear to alter the secretion of ACTH in the rat. We will discuss the stirnulatory actions of neuropeptide Y (NPY), angiotensin 11, and peptides of immune cell origin on the secretion of ACTH and CRH. The opioid peptides inhibit the secretion of CRH into the portal blood, however, they exert a potent stirnulatory effect on prolactin secretion in the rat and man. We will discuss the receptor subtypes involved in mediating these effects and the interactions of the opioid peptides with the neurotransmitter-containing neurons which project to the hypothalamus. This discussion will focus on the factors which impinge on the releasing factor-containingneurons in the hypothalamus and how they can be studied under in viso and in vitro conditions.

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Section: Regulation Of Prolactin Secretionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Regulation Of Prolactin Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Gland: Neuropeptides, Neurotransmitters and Growth Factors

Koenig

1989

Toxicol Pathol

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“…In rats, a variety of noradrenergic synthesis inhibitors and receptor antagonists block the pulsatile secretion of GH (3). Moreover, noradrenergic antagonists prevent the increase in GH induced by morphine (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Regulation of Episodic Growth Hormone Secretion by the Central Epinephrine System

Terry

Crowley

Johnson³

1982

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Catecholamines are postulated to regulate growth hormone (GH) secretion by their influence on the release of two hypothalamic substances, somatostatin, which inhibits GH release, and GH-releasing factor, as yet unidentified. Extensive pharmacologic studies in man and animals indicate a stimulatory effect of central norepinephrine and dopamine on GH, but the function of epiphephrine (EPI) is uncertain. Furthermore, many of the agents used to study the role of catecholamines in GH regulation are not selective in that they affect adrenergic as well as noradrenergic and/or dopaminergic neurotransmission. In the present investigation, central nervous system (CNS) EPI

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“…An alternative possibility is that castration might have modified the bioavailability of other brain neurotransmitters involved in the control of prolactin secretion (Müller, Nisticò & Scapagnini, 1977). There is plenty of evidence indicating that the opioids may modulate the activity of catecholaminergic, serotoninergic and cholinergic systems in the brain (Koenig et al, 1980;Fanjul, De Galarreta & Meites, 1981;Arita & Porter, 1984).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been demonstrated that specific opioid antagonists (e.g. naloxone and naltrexone) may prevent the rise of prolactin secretion induced by the opioids (Rivier, Vale, Ling, Brown & Guillemin, 1977;Chihara, Arimura, Coy & Schally, 1978;Kato, Iwasaki, Abe, Ohgo & Imura, 1978;Meites et al, 1979; Koenig, Mayfield, Coppings, McCann & Krulich, 1980;Panerai, Casanueva, Martini, Mantegazza & Di Giulio, 1981;Van Vugt, Sylvester, Aylsworth & Meites, 1981;Kato et al, 1982). Some authors have also found that opioid antagonists may reduce basal serum concentrations of prolactin (Meites et al, 1979), but this finding has not been confirmed by others (Martin, Tolis, Woods & Guyda, 1979;Mioduszewski, Zimmerman & Critchlow, 1982;Giudici et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%