Role of Carotenoids in Photosynthesis

Zulfiqar, Saima; Sharif, Shahzad; Saeed, Maham; Tahir, Arifa

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46459-2_5

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…In the case of SQDG, fragmentation in negative mode mainly allowed the observation of the characteristic ion at m/z 225 23,34 , and not the couple of ions associated with losses of acyl chains. The expected neutral loss 35 (e.g. m/z 537.4 with a precursor ion m/z 793.5 corresponding to the neutral loss of a 16:0 fatty acid) was barely visible in our case, regardless of the collision energy applied.…”

Section: Intact Polar Lipids Of Two Microalgae Extractsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Molecular species composition of polar lipids from two marine algae Nitzschia palea and Scenedesmus costatus using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Mazzella¹,

Fadhlaoui²,

Moreira³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This work reports the polar lipid profiles of two freshwater algae: the diatom Nitzschia palea, widespread alga that typically inhabits freshwater ponds and rivers, and the Scenedesmus costatus, a common green alga. HILIC-ESI-MS/MS analysis was used to determine and quantify the major phospholipids and glycolipids, and their relative molecular species, extracted from the two microalgal cultures. Glycolipids were eluted first, followed by phospholipids partially co-eluting with the sulfoglycolipids. We also studied the fragmentation pattern in the negative ionization mode for galactolipids. The most intense daughter ion corresponded to the fatty acyl chain located at the sn-2 position, which allowed us to determine the stereospecific distribution of the following fatty acids on the glycerol backbone. For green algae, 18:3 fatty acid was frequently occurring in both phospholipids and galactolipids. We also found 16:4 in some molecular species of mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG and DGDG). The most abundant and characteristic molecular species of MGDG in green algae exhibited the combination (18:3/16:4), whereas DGDG was more saturated than MGDG and contained mainly 18:1, 18:2, or 18:3 at sn-1 and shorter fragments 16:0, 16:1, 16:2, and 16:3 at sn-2. It is also remarkable that in the diatom, the phospholipids contained mainly molecular species with saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids such as 16:0, 16:1 and 18:1. In contrast, MGDG and DGDG contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as the unique and abundant MGDG (20:5/20:2).

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Section: Intact Polar Lipids Of Two Microalgae Extractsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Molecular species composition of polar lipids from two marine algae Nitzschia palea and Scenedesmus costatus using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Mazzella¹,

Fadhlaoui²,

Moreira³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Supplementation of NO ( Ahmad et al., 2020 ) and Spd ( Li et al., 2018 ) has been reported to alleviate the stress-induced decrease in chlorophyll synthesis, resulting in a significant enhancement in photosynthesis and gas exchange. Carotenoids act as accessory light-harvesting pigments and protect the photosynthetic apparatus from the toxic effects of radicals, act as redox intermediates in the secondary pathway of electron transfer with PSII, and bring about the stabilization of pigment–protein complexes ( Frank and Brudvig, 2004 ; Hashimoto et al., 2016 ; Zulfiqar et al., 2021 ). Recently, Al-Mushhin (2022) has demonstrated significant alleviation in the salinity-induced decrease in δ-ALA, Proto IX, Mg-Proto IX, chlorophyll, and photosynthesis with Spd application.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of nitric oxide and spermidine alleviates the nickel stress-induced damage to growth, chlorophyll metabolism, and photosynthesis by upregulating ascorbate–glutathione and glyoxalase cycle functioning in tomato

2022

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Experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of exogenously applied nitric oxide (NO; 50 µM) and spermidine (Spd; 100 µM) in alleviating the damaging effects of Ni (1 mM NiSO46H2O) toxicity on the growth, chlorophyll metabolism, photosynthesis, and mineral content in tomato. Ni treatment significantly reduced the plant height, dry mass, and the contents of glutamate 1-semialdehyde, δ-amino levulinic acid, prototoporphyrin IX, Mg–prototoporphyrin IX, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids; however, the application of NO and Spd alleviated the decline considerably. Supplementation of NO and Spd mitigated the Ni-induced decline in photosynthesis, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Ni caused oxidative damage, while the application of NO, Spd, and NO+Spd significantly reduced the oxidative stress parameters under normal and Ni toxicity. The application of NO and Spd enhanced the function of the antioxidant system and upregulated the activity of glyoxalase enzymes, reflecting significant reduction of the oxidative effects and methylglyoxal accumulation. Tolerance against Ni was further strengthened by the accumulation of proline and glycine betaine due to NO and Spd application. The decrease in the uptake of essential mineral elements such as N, P, K, and Mg was alleviated by NO and Spd. Hence, individual and combined supplementation of NO and Spd effectively alleviates the damaging effects of Ni on tomato.

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“…The alterations in growth traits of triticale correlated with the changes in the leaf pigment content (Figure 2), parameters of photosynthesis (Figure 3), and chlorophyll fluorescence (Figure 4). The plants that have less chlorophyll and carotenoids will not be able to carry out as much photosynthesis because of their role as light-harvesting pigments and photoprotective agents, respectively [21]. We detected that the decrease in leaf pigments under water stress (Figure 2) occurred simultaneously with the decline of leaf gas exchange characteristics (Figure 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Comparative Study of Photosynthesis Performance of Herbicide-Treated Young Triticale Plants during Drought and Waterlogging Stress

et al. 2023

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Owing to global climate changes, periods of soil drought or waterlogging occur. Each of these factors causes negative effects on plant physiological processes and growth. Weeds are another factor that limits plant productivity. The main task of this study is to investigate the physiological reactions of triticale to herbicide treatment and subsequent drought or waterlogging. Young triticale plants were treated with Serrate® (selective herbicide produced by Syngenta) and exposed for 7 days to drought or waterlogging. Plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoids content, the net photosynthesis rate and chlorophyll a fluorescence were measured during the stress period and after 4 days of plant recovery. Herbicide by itself did not induce considerable changes in the abovementioned parameters during the stress period. Serrate® did not affect strongly the efficiency of the photosynthetic machinery under harsh conditions. A significant reduction in fresh weight (85%), water content (93%), net photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll a fluorescence indices Fv/Fm and Fv/F0, and leaf pigments (58% for chlorophyll a, 53% for chlorophyll b, and 45% for carotenoids) was found because of drought. Waterlogging also influenced negatively these parameters but to a smaller extent. After resuming the normal irrigation, the photosynthesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence tended to increase and showed signs of recovery. The comparative analysis of growth and photosynthetic parameters demonstrated that triticale plants subjected to waterlogging could recover to a higher degree than those exposed to drought.

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Role of Carotenoids in Photosynthesis

Cited by 19 publications

References 134 publications

Molecular species composition of polar lipids from two marine algae Nitzschia palea and Scenedesmus costatus using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Molecular species composition of polar lipids from two marine algae Nitzschia palea and Scenedesmus costatus using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS

Supplementation of nitric oxide and spermidine alleviates the nickel stress-induced damage to growth, chlorophyll metabolism, and photosynthesis by upregulating ascorbate–glutathione and glyoxalase cycle functioning in tomato

Comparative Study of Photosynthesis Performance of Herbicide-Treated Young Triticale Plants during Drought and Waterlogging Stress

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