Role of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in transgenic plant development

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanostructures, allotropes of carbon which are made up of graphene sheets wrapped around it forming cylindrical structures. CNTs have been regarded to have interesting and attractive physical and chemical properties and have been tremendously used in genetic engineering. Understanding the role of CNTs in development of transgenic plants, review of research papers in the field was done. CNTs are classified into two categories: the single‐walled and multiwalled (MWCNTs) structures. They are valuable vectors in various biomedicine fields such as Gene delivery, Drug delivery, Immunotherapy, Tissue engineering, and Biomedical imaging and also, they deliver the DNA without damaging the cells. Based on recent studies, the functionalization of CNTs when combined with some other suitable molecules can drastically subside their toxic effects. Having unique properties such as small size, larger surface area is useful in delivering DNA into mammalian cells as well. Modifications in CNTs can make nucleic acids adhere to them even more efficiently. Also, MWCNTs are crucial in delivery DNA into the cytoplasm. Based on other methods, the CNTs‐DNA are a preferred choice and the inclination toward double‐stranded DNA is used over single‐stranded DNA in gene delivery shows effective results. The only downside of CNTs is that they are hydrophobic and are difficult to form an aqueous solution, thus limiting their applicability. This review will aid you in comprehending useful knowledge related to a general overview of topics related to CNTs.

Effect of carbon nanoparticles on the growth and photosynthetic property of Ficus tikoua Bur. plant

“…Understanding these mechanisms is important for assessing plant health and productivity under nanomaterial exposure ( Verma et al, 2018 ; Khalid et al, 2022 ). The functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with suitable molecules has been shown to mitigate their potential toxic effects, according to recent studies ( Pawar, Anumalla & Sharma, 2023 ) . In addition, modifications to CNTs can enhance their ability to efficiently adhere to nucleic acids.MWCNTs have also been recognized as crucial in the delivery of DNA into the cytoplasm.…”

Review of Carbon Nanotube Research and Development: Materials and Emerging Applications

“…92,93 CNTs have also been used as delivery vehicles for drug and gene moieties. 94,95 While CNTs are readily functionalized, allowing their surface chemistry and charge to be altered appropriately for bioavailability, they can also exhibit toxicity depending on their purities, sizes, shapes, and whether they are integrated into macroscale forms, 96 and may require dispersion or solubility in water; 97 the properties necessary for the desired activities may lead to side effects, making them less commercializable. The safety of CNTs generally is an active area of research and policy debate.…”

“…Biomedical uses of CNTs make up 12% of journal publications, though only 4% of patent publications. CNTs have been used as a reinforcing material for drug-delivering stents made with biocompatible polymers (WO2014186532A1), as a conductive material with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) used as a coating for nerve catheters (CN2023116983475A), as an antibacterial and structural material for bone implants. , CNTs have also been used as delivery vehicles for drug and gene moieties. , While CNTs are readily functionalized, allowing their surface chemistry and charge to be altered appropriately for bioavailability, they can also exhibit toxicity depending on their purities, sizes, shapes, and whether they are integrated into macroscale forms, and may require dispersion or solubility in water; the properties necessary for the desired activities may lead to side effects, making them less commercializable. The safety of CNTs generally is an active area of research and policy debate …”