Role of butyrate as part of milk replacer and starter diet on intestinal development in pre-weaned calves. A systematic review

Amin, A.B.; Trabi, E. Bo; Zhu, C.; Mao, Shengyong

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115423

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, the type of exogenous butyrate, such as protected sources, could preserve it from ruminal microbial action. However, even when feeding unprotected sources of butyrate in the MR, feeding it with a milk calf feeder bucket facilitates ruminal bypass and increases butyrate activity in the GIT [14]. Additionally, besides the dose and the source type of butyrate used, the duration of administration can exert a major impact on the practical results of butyrate supplementation [9,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially critical for newborn calves, who have a high susceptibility to GIT disturbances and diseases and whose GIT is still underdeveloped. Recent research has indicated that this effect could be minimized by feeding exogenous sources of butyrate [12,13], which include sodium or calcium salts of butyric acid, usually encapsulated when added to solid feeds and non-encapsulated when added to a liquid diet [14]. These sources are designed to bypass the rumen to prevent butyrate's degradation in the forestomach, thereby helping develop and mature the small and large intestines [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These sources are designed to bypass the rumen to prevent butyrate's degradation in the forestomach, thereby helping develop and mature the small and large intestines [15,16]. Several studies have demonstrated that the inclusion of sodium butyrate in a liquid diet improved the cell cycle of dairy calves, reducing apoptosis, stimulating cell proliferation and body antioxidant function, and strengthening the intestinal barrier and mucosal thickness [14,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Supplementing Milk Replacer with Sodium Butyrate on Dairy Calves

Belli,

Coelho,

Campolina

et al. 2024

Animals

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Diarrhea and respiratory diseases pose significant challenges in the rearing of pre-weaned calves, motivating the investigation of tools to improve gastrointestinal tract development, health, and overall performance in young calves. Consequently, the primary objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an additive incorporated into milk replacer to promote the development and health of the animals. Forty-six dairy calves were randomly assigned into two treatments: control (CON, n = 23; with 15 females and 8 males), and sodium butyrate (SB, n = 23; with 15 females and 8 males). The calves in the SB treatment group were supplemented with 4 g/d of unprotected sodium butyrate (Adimix, Adisseo, China), added to the milk replacer from 4 to 60 days of age. Water and starter were fed ad libitum. The study evaluated several parameters, including feed intake, nutrient digestibility, ruminal pH, ammonia and volatile fatty acids, blood metabolites (glucose, insulin-like growth factor type 1, urea, β–hydroxybutyrate), hemogram, health scores, performance, and feed efficiency. Bull calves were euthanized at 60 days of age for organ comparison, while heifer calves were assessed for carryover effects up to 90 days of age. Data were analyzed independently using linear mixed models using the nlme package in R, and the Artools package for non-parametric categorical outcomes. Although the feed intake and performance variables exhibited differences within weeks, no divergence was observed between treatment groups. Notably, a positive treatment-by-week interaction was identified for starter feed intake (p = 0.02) and total dry matter intake (p = 0.04) during pre-weaning for CON animals. Ruminal parameters, blood metabolites, and hemogram values such as glucose, urea, insulin-like growth factor type 1, mean corpuscular value, lymphocytes, and neutrophils displayed differences within weeks during the pre-weaning stage, but similar results within groups. No differences between supplemented and non-supplemented calves were found across nutrient digestibility, organ development, and histology. Regarding health scores, differences were noted within weeks for fecal and respiratory scores during the pre-weaning stage, and only the respiratory score during the post-weaning stage. Consequently, butyrate supplementation did not elicit improvements or negative effects in the body development or health status of dairy calves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Supplementing Milk Replacer with Sodium Butyrate on Dairy Calves

Belli,

Coelho,

Campolina

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…Therefore, we thought that feed intake was affected by this decrease in the CON group [ 25 ]. Butyrate is one of the three most highly produced VFAs in the rumen and has beneficial effects on calf gastrointestinal development, pancreatic secretion, and nutrient digestion [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The incidence of diarrhea is reduced by butyrate [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Two Feeding Patterns on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation Parameters, and Bacterial Community Composition in Yak Calves

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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The health of young ruminants is highly dependent on early rumen microbial colonization. In this study, the effects of milk replacer on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and the rumen microflora in yak calves were evaluated. Sixty yak calves (body weight = 22.5 ± 0.95 kg, age = 30 ± 1 d) were assigned to the CON group (breastfed) or TRT group (milk replacer fed) and evaluated over 120 d. At 120 d, ruminal fluid samples were collected from 14 calves and then conducted for rumen fermentation and microbiota analyses. There was no difference in growth performance; however, calf survival was higher in the TRT group than in the CON group. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids and the molar proportion of butyric acid and lactic acid were increased with milk replacer feed in the TRT group (p < 0.05), but iso-valeric acid concentration was highest in the CON group (p < 0.05). Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla in the CON and TRT groups, respectively. In the TRT group, Bacteroidetes, Prevotellaceae, Bacteroidia, Bacteroidetes, and Prevotella_1 were the dominant flora in the rumen of calves. The relative abundances of various taxa were correlated with rumen fermentation parameters; the relative abundance of Quinella and iso-butyrate levels were positively correlated (r = 0.57). The relative abundances of the Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and A/P were positively correlated (r = 0.57). In summary, milk replacer is conducive to the development of the rumen microflora, the establishment of rumen fermentation function, and the implementation of early weaning in yaks.

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