Role of brown adipose tissue in modulating adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat diet fed mice

Shankar, Kripa; Kumar, Durgesh; Gupta, Sanchita; Varshney, Salil; Rajan, Sujith; Srivastava, Ankita; Gupta, Abhishek; Gupta, Anand P.; Vishwakarma, Achchhe Lal; Gayen, Jiaur R.; Gaikwad, Anil Nilkanth

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.044

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…BAT has an antiobesity effect [43,44] and excision of BAT in animals can lead to an abnormal increase in WAT [45]. Under normal conditions, it consumes energy by self-adapting heat production.…”

Section: Regulating the Function Of White Adipose Tissue And Brown Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity

Liu

Peng

et al. 2020

Obes Facts

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Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease resulting from excessive fat accumulation and/or abnormal distribution caused by multiple factors. As a major component of metabolic syndrome, obesity is closely related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke and cancer. Hence, the problem of obesity cannot be ignored, and recent studies have shown that grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has an antiobesity effect. This paper systematically reviews the research progress and potential mechanism of GSPE emphasizing on obesity prevention and treatment.has increased from 105 million in 1975 to 641 million in 2014 [8]. In a nutshell, obesity poses a serious threat to the health of individuals, and more and more evidence shows that obesity is an important risk factor affecting the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular diseases; also, overweight can increase the mortality of adults suffering from cardiovascular diseases [9]. The body mass index has a linear relationship with the mortality rate of coronary artery disease, stroke and diabetes mellitus [10]. Even modest weight loss can also reduce the risk of these complications [11]. In addition, obesity can lead to gastrointestinal disorders, joint and muscle diseases, respiratory system problems and psychological problems [12,13]. In short, obesity is an increasingly serious global public health problem, which seriously affects the daily life of obese people and increases the risk of mortality.How to prevent and treat obesity has been the focus of attention. Behavioral exercise and drug therapy [14], surgical weight loss [15] and dietary intervention therapy [16] have been the focus of research. But the effect of behavioral exercise on weight loss is slow and obviously unsuitable for obese patients with cardiovascular diseases; every weight loss drug has its own unique risk characteristics, so the doctor needs to fully understand drug contraindications and the differences among obese individuals [17]. More importantly, there is still a lack of long-term experimental studies on whether drug weight loss can cause side effects. Besides, the way of surgical weight loss has been considered controversial for a long time. It can reduce obesity in a short period of time, as 10-30% of patients who undergo gastric bypass surgery lose weight by 40 or 50% [18]. However, current evidence shows that the benefits of surgical weight loss are not universal. A considerable proportion of patients will experience weight rebound and recurrence of diabetes [19]. Although exercise, drugs and surgery can achieve effective weight loss, they have limitations, risks and instability, and are not suitable for all obese patients. In this context, a safe and reliable method of reducing obesity with fewer side effects is urgently required by obese people. Compared with behavior, drugs and surgical treatment, dietary strategies for losing weight or improving obesity-related conditions seem to be more anticipated. The use of plant-d...

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Section: Regulating the Function Of White Adipose Tissue And Brown Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity

Liu

Peng

et al. 2020

Obes Facts

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“…The presence of BAT is associated with metabolic health and the amount of BAT is reduced in obesity (25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Higher BAT content and activation, such as by BAT transplantation in mice, positively affects glucose and insulin metabolism and body mass and plays a protective role against obesity pathogenesis and associated metabolic disorders such as hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38). Cold induced thermogenesis, glucose uptake rates and insulin stimulation is severely impaired in BAT in the adiposity state (29,(39)(40)(41).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity

Omran

Christian

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic inflammation in adipose tissue mediated by the secretion of a range of inflammatory cytokines. In comparison to WAT, relatively little is known about the inflammatory status of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in physiology and pathophysiology. Because BAT and brown/beige adipocytes are specialized in energy expenditure they have protective roles against obesity and associated metabolic diseases. BAT appears to be is less susceptible to developing inflammation than WAT. However, there is increasing evidence that inflammation directly alters the thermogenic activity of brown fat by impairing its capacity for energy expenditure and glucose uptake. The inflammatory microenvironment can be affected by cytokines secreted by immune cells as well as by the brown adipocytes themselves. Therefore, pro-inflammatory signals represent an important component of the thermogenic potential of brown and beige adipocytes and may contribute their dysfunction in obesity.

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“…The Citrus olive oils showed a similar profile on cardio-metabolic parameters and a more evident containment of the body weight gain. As regard the adipose tissue, growing body of evidence points to the key role of brown adipose tissue in the HFD-induced obesity [66]. Indeed, a reduction of brown adipose tissue has been reported in obesity conditions [58,66] and suggests that metabolic functions of these adipocytes can be partially compromised.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As regard the adipose tissue, growing body of evidence points to the key role of brown adipose tissue in the HFD-induced obesity [66]. Indeed, a reduction of brown adipose tissue has been reported in obesity conditions [58,66] and suggests that metabolic functions of these adipocytes can be partially compromised. Conversely, a transplantation of brown adipose tissue can promote the expression of various genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and raise protein expression of browning markers [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fortified Citrus Olive Oils: From Their Production to the Nutraceutical Properties on the Cardiovascular System

Flori¹,

Macaluso²,

Taglieri³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Recently the use of food by products as natural sources of biologically active substances has been extensively investigated especially for the development of functional foods fortified with natural antioxidants. Due to their content of bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, flavonoids and limonoids, Citrus peels could be suitable to formulate enriched olive oils able to boost a healthy nutrition. The aim of this study was: (i) to determine the compositional and sensory profiles of the Citrus olive oil and (ii) to evaluate its nutraceutical properties in rats with high fat diet-induced-metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress. The results obtained show the potential of using the Citrus peels as a source of bioactive compounds to improve the sensory profile as well as the phytochemical composition of olive oil. We demonstrated that the production system of C. aurantium olive oil and C. limon olive oil improves their organoleptic properties without altering their beneficial effects, which, like control extra virgin olive oil, showed protective effects on glucose and serum lipid levels, metabolic activity of adipocytes, myocardial tissue functionality, oxidative stress markers and endothelial function at blood vessel level.

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Role of brown adipose tissue in modulating adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in high-fat diet fed mice

Cited by 43 publications

References 65 publications

Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity

Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Obesity

Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity

Development of Fortified Citrus Olive Oils: From Their Production to the Nutraceutical Properties on the Cardiovascular System

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