Role of both actin–myosin cross bridges and NO-cGMP pathway modulators in the contraction and relaxation of human placental stem villi

Lecarpentier, Édouard; Claes, Victor; Timbely, Oumar; Hébert, Jean-Louis; Arsalane, Abdelilah; Moumen, A.; Guérin, Catherine; Guizard, M.; Michel, Francine; Lecarpentier, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2013.10.007

Cited by 17 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The cross-sectional area of the contractile sample (in mm 2 ) was calculated from the weight/length ratio of the sample at Lo at the end of the experiment. The experimental protocol and the electromagnetic transducer have been described in an earlier study [40].…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Statistical Mechanics of Muscle and Non-Muscle Contractile Systems: Stationary States of Near-Equilibrium Systems in A Linear Regime

Lecarpentier¹,

Claes

Krokidis³

et al. 2017

Entropy

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Abstract:A. Huxley's equations were used to determine the mechanical properties of muscle myosin II (MII) at the molecular level, as well as the probability of the occurrence of the different stages in the actin-myosin cycle. It was then possible to use the formalism of statistical mechanics with the grand canonical ensemble to calculate numerous thermodynamic parameters such as entropy, internal energy, affinity, thermodynamic flow, thermodynamic force, and entropy production rate. This allows us to compare the thermodynamic parameters of a non-muscle contractile system, such as the normal human placenta, with those of different striated skeletal muscles (soleus and extensor digitalis longus) as well as the heart muscle and smooth muscles (trachea and uterus) in the rat. In the human placental tissues, it was observed that the kinetics of the actin-myosin crossbridges were considerably slow compared with those of smooth and striated muscular systems. The entropy production rate was also particularly low in the human placental tissues, as compared with that observed in smooth and striated muscular systems. This is partly due to the low thermodynamic flow found in the human placental tissues. However, the unitary force of non-muscle myosin (NMII) generated by each crossbridge cycle in the myofibroblasts of the human placental tissues was similar in magnitude to that of MII in the myocytes of both smooth and striated muscle cells. Statistical mechanics represents a powerful tool for studying the thermodynamics of all contractile muscle and non-muscle systems.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Statistical Mechanics of Muscle and Non-Muscle Contractile Systems: Stationary States of Near-Equilibrium Systems in A Linear Regime

Lecarpentier¹,

Claes

Krokidis³

et al. 2017

Entropy

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“…This explains why this stationary contractile system operates as a near-equilibrium system. The low isometric tension reported in placental stem villi [43,50,51] can be partly explained by the low placental myosin content [52][53][54]. The extremely slow shortening velocity can be accounted for by the very low placental myosin ATPase activity [48,52,54].…”

Section: The Myofibroblast: a Contractile Cell Containing The Non-musmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In myofibroblasts, the molecular motor is the non-muscle myosin II (NMII). NMII predominates in myofibroblasts located in the extravascular part of the normal human placental stem villi (NM II type A) [42,43]. Myofibroblasts are also present in several pathological tissues such as in cancers (mammary carcinoma, epithelial cells in cancerous mammary glands), and fibrotic lesions (Dupuytrens nodules, hypertrophic scars) [44].…”

Section: The Myofibroblast: a Contractile Cell Containing The Non-musmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contraction phase is induced by either an electrical field or the addition of KCl in the experimental bath. Relaxation is induced by either 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM), a quasi-specific inhibitor of NMII or isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), a donor of NO [43]. Numerous contraction-relaxation cycles can ensue.…”

Section: The Myofibroblast: a Contractile Cell Containing The Non-musmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Myofibroblast: TGFβ-1, A Conductor which Plays a Key Role in Fibrosis by Regulating the Balance between PPARγ and the Canonical WNT Pathway

Lecarpentier¹,

Schussler

Claes

et al. 2017

Nuclear Receptor Research

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Abstract. Myofibroblasts are non-muscular contractile cells that occur physiologically in organs such as in stem villi of the human placenta during normal pregnancies. They have the ability to contract and relax in response to changes in the volume of the intervillous chamber. Myofibroblasts are also found in many pathological states, and are involved in wound healing and fibrosis processes in several organs such as liver, lung, kidney, and heart. During fibrosis, the contractile phenomenon is a relaxation-free mechanism, associated with the synthesis of collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which leads to irreversible fibrosis, tissue retraction and finally apoptosis of the myofibroblasts. The molecular motor of myofibroblasts is the non-muscle myosin type II (NMII). Differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblast is largely regulated by the Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1). This system regulates the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway in a positive manner and PPARγ in a negative manner. WNT/β-catenin promotes fibrosis while PPARγ prevents fibrosis. This review focuses on the contractile properties of myofibroblasts and on the TGF-β1 conductor which regulates the antagonism between PPARγ and the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway.

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“…The artery and vein in the stem villi are surrounded by contractile cells, which are axially aligned [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Also, the contraction of the stem villi has been observed [14,[21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Branching Patterns and Active Contractions of the Villous Tree on Fetal and Maternal Blood Circulations in the Human Placenta

Kato¹

2018

Highlights on Hemodynamics

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In the human placenta, fetal blood circulates in the blood vessels of the villous tree while maternal one circulates in the intervillous space, the surroundings of the villous tree. Previously, the computational model of the villous tree, whose stem villi actively contract because of the contractile cells, has been developed. The result of the computation indicated that the displacement caused by the contraction would be helpful for the fetal and maternal circulations and can be combined with the other measurements for blood circulations in the placenta. Hypoxia in the placenta is classified into the following categories: preplacental hypoxia, uteroplacental hypoxia, and postplacental hypoxia. The number and the form of the terminal villi are altered by hypoxia. Assuming that increase in the terminal villi causes a higher shear elastic modulus of the placenta, this villous tree model is useful to estimate the influence of hypoxia on the blood circulations. In this chapter, how these three types of hypoxia influence the blood circulation in the placenta by the aforementioned computational model are discussed. While preplacental hypoxia and uteroplacental hypoxia would cause similar displacement in large regions, postplacental hypoxia would do vice versa. All the types might make the fetal and maternal blood circulations difficult.

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Role of both actin–myosin cross bridges and NO-cGMP pathway modulators in the contraction and relaxation of human placental stem villi

Cited by 17 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative Statistical Mechanics of Muscle and Non-Muscle Contractile Systems: Stationary States of Near-Equilibrium Systems in A Linear Regime

Comparative Statistical Mechanics of Muscle and Non-Muscle Contractile Systems: Stationary States of Near-Equilibrium Systems in A Linear Regime

The Myofibroblast: TGFβ-1, A Conductor which Plays a Key Role in Fibrosis by Regulating the Balance between PPARγ and the Canonical WNT Pathway

Influence of Branching Patterns and Active Contractions of the Villous Tree on Fetal and Maternal Blood Circulations in the Human Placenta

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