Role of Biofuels in Energy Transition, Green Economy and Carbon Neutrality

Abstract

Modern civilization is heavily reliant on petroleum-based fuels to meet the energy demand of the transportation sector. However, burning fossil fuels in engines emits greenhouse gas emissions that harm the environment. Biofuels are commonly regarded as an alternative for sustainable transportation and economic development. Algal-based fuels, solar fuels, e-fuels, and CO2-to-fuels are marketed as next-generation sources that address the shortcomings of first-generation and second-generation biofuels. This article investigates the benefits, limitations, and trends in different generations of biofuels through a review of the literature. The study also addresses the newer generation of biofuels highlighting the social, economic, and environmental aspects, providing the reader with information on long-term sustainability. The use of nanoparticles in the commercialization of biofuel is also highlighted. Finally, the paper discusses the recent advancements that potentially enable a sustainable energy transition, green economy, and carbon neutrality in the biofuel sector.

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Marine Macroalgae Waste Biomass as Bio-Renewable Fuel

“…Macroalgae, on the other hand, have clear potential for the development of biofuels, as reported in previous reports [12,13]. Previous studies have shown seaweed (macroalgae) potentiality as a source of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, dietary fiber, vitamins, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.…”

A Study on Temperature Distribution within HVDC Bushing Influenced by Accelerator Content during the Curing Process

“…(1) As the accelerator content increases, the enthalpy increases, the activation energy decreases, and the curing reaction occurs at a lower temperature. (2) The obtained curing kinetic model shows that in the range from 0.5 wt.% to 3 wt.%, as the accelerator content increases, the preexponential factor A decreases, the order of reaction m increases, and n decreases. The value of n is always greater than m, and the curing process can be represented well by the Sestak-Berggren autocatalytic model.…”

“…(1) The accelerator attacks the anhydride to generate carboxylate anion, as shown in Figure 4a; (2) The carboxylate anion attacks the epoxy group and opens the epoxy group to generate an oxygen anion, as shown in Figure 4b; (3) Oxygen anions continue to attack other anhydride groups to form carboxylate anions, as shown in Figure 4c. First, the tertiary amine of BDMA reacts with anhydride groups to form carboxylate anions and participates in the curing reaction as a reaction center.…”

“…In recent years, sustainable development and carbon-neutrality have been promoted around the world [1]. Energy transition is one of the key methods proposed to cleanse and decarbonize the world's energy consumption structure [2][3][4]. Due to demand for the large-scale production of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power, high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission has also developed dramatically around the world, owing to its advantages such as economy, stability and flexibility [5,6].…”

Sustainable porous carbons from tannic acid based KOH activated as high-performance CO2 capture sorbents

“…A variety of everyday processes involving the combustion of fossil fuels for electricity generation as well as transportation have led to a marked rise in the Earth's average surface temperature by causing CO 2 levels in the atmosphere to rise gradually. 1,2 As a result, reducing CO 2 emissions has become urgently necessary for protecting the atmosphere. 3 Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is regarded as an efficient strategy to curtail CO 2 discharge and hence effectively halt global warming.…”