Role of behavioral and pharmacological variables in the loss of tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia

Wolgin, David L.; Hughes, Katherine M.

doi:10.1007/s002130050354

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…When daily administration of presession cocaine was replaced with that of saline, dose-response curves were shifted to the left and in most cases recaptured the effects observed during the Acute Phase (Figure 2). These results are congruent with those from studies using rats as subjects investigating the effects of psychomotor stimulants, mainly amphetamine, which have generally shown attenuation of tolerance when sessions were experienced in the absence of drug (Hughes, Popi, & Wolgin, 1999;Poulous, Wilkinson, & Cappell, 1981;Wolgin & Hughes, 1997. The study conducted with pigeons and cocaine most similar to the current one has shown similar findings (Pinkston & Branch, 2004b; although see Stafford, Branch, & Hughes, 1994 for an exception).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Influences on Cocaine Tolerance Assessed Under a Multiple Conjunctive Schedule of Reinforcement

Yoon¹,

Branch²

2009

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Under multiple schedules of reinforcement, previous research has generally observed tolerance to the rate-decreasing effects of cocaine that has been dependent on schedule-parameter size in the context of fixed-ratio (FR) schedules, but not under the context of fixed-interval (FI) schedules of reinforcement. The current experiment examined the effects of cocaine on key-pecking responses of White Carneau pigeons maintained under a three-component multiple conjunctive FI (10 s, 30 s, & 120 s) FR (5 responses) schedule of food presentation. Dose-effect curves representing the effects of presession cocaine on responding were assessed in the context of (1) acute administration of cocaine (2) chronic administration of cocaine and (3) daily administration of saline. Chronic administration of cocaine generally resulted in tolerance to the response-rate decreasing effects of cocaine, and that tolerance was generally independent of relative FI value, as measured by changes in ED50 values. Daily administration of saline decreased ED50 values to those observed when cocaine was administered acutely. The results show that adding a FR requirement to FI schedules is not sufficient to produce schedule-parameter-specific tolerance. Tolerance to cocaine was generally independent of FI-parameter under the present conjunctive schedules, indicating that a ratio requirement, per se, is not sufficient for tolerance to be dependent on FI parameter.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Influences on Cocaine Tolerance Assessed Under a Multiple Conjunctive Schedule of Reinforcement

Yoon¹,

Branch²

2009

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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“…Lattal, 1995). For example, tolerance to amphetamine's effects on milk drinking in rats dissipated when milk drinking was later permitted during saline administration, whereas it did not dissipate if rats were simply given time off and had no opportunity to drink (Hughes, Popi, & Wolgin, 1999;Wolgin & Hughes, 1997). Wolgin and colleagues hypothesized that the learned compensatory responses of the rats permitted to drink decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cocaine on Performance Under Fixed‐interval Schedules With a Small Tandem Ratio Requirement

Pinkston¹,

Branch²

2004

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Daily administration of cocaine often results in the development of tolerance to its effects on responding maintained by fixed-ratio schedules. Such effects have been observed to be greater when the ratio value is small, whereas less or no tolerance has been observed at large ratio values. Similar schedule-parameter-dependent tolerance, however, has not been observed with fixed-interval schedules arranging comparable interreinforcement intervals. This experiment examined the possibility that differences in rate and temporal patterning between the two types of schedule are responsible for the differences in observed patterns of tolerance. Five pigeons were trained to key peck on a three-component multiple (tandem fixed-interval fixed-ratio) schedule. The interval values were 10, 30, and 120 s; the tandem ratio was held constant at five responses. Performance appeared more like that observed under fixed-ratio schedules than fixed-interval schedules. Effects of various doses of cocaine given weekly were then determined for each pigeon. A dose that reduced responding was administered prior to each session for 50 days. A reassessment of effects of the range of doses revealed tolerance. The degree of tolerance was similar across components of the multiple schedule. Next, the saline vehicle was administered prior to each session for 50 days to assess the persistence of tolerance. Tolerance diminished in all subjects. Overall, the results suggested that schedule-parameter-dependent tolerance does not depend on the temporal pattern of responding engendered by fixed-ratio schedules.

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“…According to the instrumental learning model, tolerance involves learning to suppress stereotyped movements that interfere with the appetitive phase of feeding (Wolgin, 1989(Wolgin, , 2000. Initial evidence supporting this model came from studies showing an inverse relation between total intake per session and the frequency of stereotyped movements (Salisbury & Wolgin, 1985;Wolgin et al, 1987;Wolgin & Hughes, 1997). More persuasive evidence was obtained from an experiment in which rats were reinforced with intraoral infusions of milk for holding their heads stationary within a narrow area of space defined by intersecting photobeams (Wolgin & Wade, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia: A miscrostructural analysis of licking behavior in the rat.

Wolgin¹,

Jakubow²

2003

Behavioral Neuroscience

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The development of tolerance to amphetamine-induced hypophagia was assessed by recording changes in lick parameters in rats given chronic administration of the drug (2 mg/kg) and access to sweetened milk. Although licking and milk intake gradually recovered, the volume of milk ingested per lick remained suppressed. Amphetamine had no effect on the interlick interval or the force per lick. In contrast, the drug caused a sustained increase in the number of lick bursts (defined by pause criteria of 0.5-2.0 s) and a decrease in the number of licks per burst (but only at pause criteria of 0.5 and 1.0 s). These results suggest that tolerant rats frequently interrupt licking, resulting in less efficient capture of milk.

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Role of behavioral and pharmacological variables in the loss of tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Influences on Cocaine Tolerance Assessed Under a Multiple Conjunctive Schedule of Reinforcement

Influences on Cocaine Tolerance Assessed Under a Multiple Conjunctive Schedule of Reinforcement

Effects of Cocaine on Performance Under Fixed‐interval Schedules With a Small Tandem Ratio Requirement

Tolerance to amphetamine hypophagia: A miscrostructural analysis of licking behavior in the rat.

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