Role of architecture and molecular weight in the formation of tailor‐made ultrathin multilayers using dendritic macromolecules and click chemistry

Abstract

The high efficiency and mild reaction conditions associated with the Cu(I) catalyzed cycloaddition of azides and alkynes were exploited for the covalent layer‐by‐layer synthesis of dendritic thin films on silicon wafers. The preparation of azide and alkyne‐terminated dendrimers based on bisMPA was accomplished by a divergent strategy; combinations of these monodisperse building blocks from the 2nd to the 5th generation were used for construction of the thin films. The layer‐by‐layer self assembly process proceeds under ambient conditions and was monitored by ellipsometry, XPS, and ATR‐IR, which showed extremely regular growth of the dendritic thin films. Film thickness could be accurately controlled by both the size/generation number of the dendrimers as well as the number of layers. In comparison with linear analogues, the growth of the dendritic films was significantly more controlled and defect‐free with each layer being thinner than the corresponding films prepared from the isomeric linear polymers, demonstrating the well‐defined, three‐dimensional nature of the dendritic architecture. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 2835–2846, 2007

Crosslinking of viral nanoparticles with “clickable” fluorescent crosslinkers at the interface

“…Of all the reactions that can be ranked under click chemistry, Cu(I) catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction is undoubtedly the premier example of all [4,5]. This reaction has been extensively used in materials development [6][7][8][9], polymer synthesis [10,11], dendrimer synthesis [12][13][14][15][16] and drug discovery [17][18][19]. CuAAC reaction serves as a great tool for bioconjugation applications [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], mainly due to (i) facile synthesis and easy incorporation of alkyne and azide moieties into biomolecular frameworks, (ii) compatibility to other functionalities yielding highly specific products, (iii) compatibility to water which is crucial for biomolecular systems, (iv) mild reaction conditions which will help maintaining the properties of biomolecules, and (v) stability of the resulting triazole ring to the hydrolytic cleavage, oxidation and reduction [2,3,9].…”

Synthesis of amphiphilic and thermoresponsive ABC miktoarm star terpolymer via a combination of consecutive click reactions and atom transfer radical polymerization

“…[15][16][17][18][19] In the last few years, click reaction has been introduced into the synthesis of novel polymeric materials. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Tunca and coworkers 22 reported a few excellent works concerning the preparation of ABC miktoarm star terpolymers via a combination of ATRP, NMP, ROP, and click reaction. The introduction of click technique allows the covalent linkage of a well-defined precursor arm into the star terpolymer.…”

High‐Quality Covalently Grafting Hemoglobin on Gold Electrodes: Characterization, Redox Thermodynamics and Bio‐electrocatalysis

“…The numerous advantages of click chemistry and its previous applications to surface modification represent important assets to develop an efficient and versatile strategy for the grafting of a wide range of molecules using a single synthetic strategy. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The click chemistry "grafting-to" approach presented herein requires two steps (Scheme 1). Firstly, gold electrodes were "passivated" by the deposition of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 1,4-diethyHerein, we report a versatile surface chemistry methodology to covalently immobilize ligands and proteins to self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode.…”