Role of Aqueous Phase Chemistry, Interfacial Film Properties, and Surface Coverage in Stabilizing Water-in-Bitumen Emulsions

Rocha, J. A.; Baydak, E. N.; Yarranton, Harvey W.; Sztukowski, Danuta M.; Ali-Marcano, V.; Gong, Lu; Shi, Chen; Zeng, Hongbo

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00114

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(345 reference statements)

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“…The fitted model parameter values are provided in Table . The emulsion stabilized by asphaltenes extracted from the OS bitumen was the most stable and SAGD the least stable, consistent with the results from Rocha et al Figures and show that the relative stability trend is also clear in the model parameters. Figure shows that, as the emulsion stability decreases (OS to CSS to SAGD), the coalescence rate increases and the dimensionless limiting height decreases for both batch and continuous emulsions.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The separated water was decanted. The residual water content was less than 0.035 g/g (3.5 wt%) in all three bitumen samples …”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Asphaltenes extracted from OS, CSS, and SAGD bitumen were characterized in terms of interfacial film properties and emulsion stability in a previous study . Emulsions stabilized by OS asphaltenes were found to produce the most stable emulsions and SAGD asphaltenes the least stable.…”

Section: Characterization Of Asphaltenes and Solidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The effect of inorganic solids on emulsion layer growth in asphaltene‐stabilized water‐in‐oil emulsions

et al. 2017

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Oilfield emulsions are often stabilized by asphaltenes but inorganic solids can impact both emulsion stability and rag layer accumulation. In this study, the effect of inorganic solids on emulsion stability and emulsion layer growth was investigated using batch and continuous separations performed on water‐in‐oil emulsions stabilized by asphaltenes. The emulsions were prepared at 60 °C from an organic phase consisting of solids, asphaltenes, n‐heptane, and toluene and an initial water phase volume of 0.50. Three types of coarse solids were considered: 12 μm kaolin, 18–32 μm silica, and 32–63 μm silica with wettabilities ranging from 50 to 125°. In batch experiments, the coalescence rate was determined from the change in height of the free water and oil layers over time as the emulsion coalesced. In continuous experiments, emulsion layer growth was measured as the emulsion was continuously fed into a vertical separator. The data were modelled with a material balance that included a coalescence rate equation. In the absence of solids, the continuous emulsion layer growth rate and ultimate stability correlated well to batch coalescence parameters. The addition of the coarse solids at concentrations below 5 g/L accelerated coalescence rates. Above 5 g/L, the solids increased emulsion stability indicating that they form a steric barrier between the droplets. Even if the feed is below this threshold, the solids accumulate in the rag layer until the threshold is reached, the emulsion becomes stable, and the performance of the continuous separation can no longer be predicted from batch tests.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The separated water was decanted. The residual water content was less than 0.035 g/g (3.5 wt%) in all three bitumen samples …”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 83%

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The effect of inorganic solids on emulsion layer growth in asphaltene‐stabilized water‐in‐oil emulsions

et al. 2017

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“…13) using creaming index method. This method is an acceptable way for the characterization of emulsion stability within a specific time span (Li et al 2009;Rocha et al 2016;Yu et al 2018). This index is defined as the division of the volume of the creamed phase by the total emulsion volume, and creamed phase is the internal phase of emulsion which is migrated under the influence of buoyancy (Demetriades et al 1997).…”

Section: Determination Of Emulsion Stability In Surfactant Concentratmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation on enhancing water flooding performance using oil-in-water emulsions in an Iranian oil reservoir

Sadati

Sahraei

2019

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Emulsions are extensively prevalent in the oil industry in both advantageous and disadvantageous ways. In the literature, conventional water flooding in high permeability oil reservoirs has confronted with water channeling and poor sweep efficiency. In this paper, the remedial application of O/W emulsions as an EOR method in improving water performance is discussed. To this purpose, a series of flooding experiments were carried out in one of the Iranian oil reservoirs in reservoir condition of 75 C and 2000 psi. Then, visual stability measurements were conducted to inspect the stability characterization of the emulsion. Sodium dodecyl sulfate was applied helping simple dispersion of the gasoil into the water phase, and emulsions with water percentage of 90, 80, 70 and 60 were developed to introduce into the porous media. It was found out from flooding experiments that emulsion injection after conventional water flooding can lead to additional oil recovery (up to 20%). Besides, the emulsion with 80% water cut was determined as the optimum emulsion for injection in this reservoir considering financial aspects. Moreover, results of the stability test revealed that the aqueous phase with one wt% surfactant or higher had formed emulsions which have been stable during a long period of 6 months.

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“…Whilst explosive emulsion characteristics are indirectly assessed during manufacture via comparative measurements of viscosity, capacitance, and density against target values [18], quantitative direct testing of emulsion droplet size distributions [19] is not routinely performed. Other tests applied post-manufacture include a thermal test of emulsion stability (in which it is heated until phase separation occurs) and the immersion of the emulsion in deionised water, followed by conductivity measurements of the water phase to determine ammonium nitrate release rates [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive Emulsion Characterisation using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Hayward

Ling

Johns

2019

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Explosive emulsions are frequently employed in mining operations as they offer a comparatively robust, safe and effective product. These are typically formulated as concentrated ammonium nitrate solutions dispersed in an oil phase in the form of a highly concentrated water‐in‐oil emulsion. Being highly concentrated, determining the droplet size distribution (which is critical to assessing long‐term emulsion stability and explosive effectiveness) of these emulsions is challenging. Here we demonstrate that this is readily achieved using bench‐top Nuclear Magnetic resonance (NMR) Pulsed Field Gradient (PFG) techniques. The initial mean droplet size is shown to decrease with an increase in the concentration of ammonium nitrate or emulsifier or when inert salt was added to the composition, it was found to increase as the concentration of the aqueous (oxidiser) phase was increased. The emulsion droplet size distributions were observed to remain constant for a 3‐month period over the composition range explored.

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Role of Aqueous Phase Chemistry, Interfacial Film Properties, and Surface Coverage in Stabilizing Water-in-Bitumen Emulsions

Abstract: Surface Coverage in Stabilizing Water-In-Bitumen Emulsions (Unpublished master's thesis).

Cited by 58 publications

References 91 publications

The effect of inorganic solids on emulsion layer growth in asphaltene‐stabilized water‐in‐oil emulsions

The effect of inorganic solids on emulsion layer growth in asphaltene‐stabilized water‐in‐oil emulsions

An experimental investigation on enhancing water flooding performance using oil-in-water emulsions in an Iranian oil reservoir

Explosive Emulsion Characterisation using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

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