Role of allelopathy of Phragmites australis in its invasion processes

Uddin, Nazim; Robinson, Ross; Buultjens, Andrew H.; Harun, Md. Abdullah Yousuf Al; Shampa, Shahana H

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2016.10.016

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Highly adaptable, with great competitive ability, Phragmites can grow in a wide variety of ecosystems and plant communities including wetlands, coastal marshes, inland lakes and rivers, mountains, deserts, and urban areas 12 . Phragmites can form monocultures that dominate in the ecosystem for longer time scales than other plants by significantly modifying the native ecosystem structure and functions 13 , 14 . Physiological characteristics of Phragmites including high rates of reproduction, well-developed aerenchyma and rhizosphere facilitate colonization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of plant species diversity and soil physical-chemical-microbial properties to Phragmites australis invasion along a density gradient

Uddin

Robinson

2017

Sci Rep

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The invasion of ecosystems by strongly colonising plants such as Phragmites australis is viewed as one of the greatest threats to plant diversity and soil properties. This study compared a range of diversity measures including soil properties and mycorrhizal potential under different degrees of Phragmites density among three populations in coastal wetland, Victoria, Australia. Species richness, evenness and Shanon-Wiener index had significantly higher values in low degree of Phragmites density in all populations. Higher densities had the lowest diversity, with Shannon-Wiener index = 0 and Simpson’s index = 1 indicating its mono-specificity. Significant alterations in soil properties associated with different degrees of Phragmites density were noticed. These had interactive effects (population × density) on water content, dehydrogenase activity, microbial biomass (C, N and P) but not on pH, electrical conductivity, phenolics, organic carbon, and spore density. Furthermore, the study elucidated decrease of competitive abilities of native plants, by interfering with formation of mycorrhizal associations and biomass. Overall, our results suggest that significant ecological alterations in vegetation and soil variables (including mycorrhizal potential) were strongly dependent on Phragmites density. Such changes may lead to an important role in process of Phragmites invasion through disruption of functional relationships amongst those variables.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of plant species diversity and soil physical-chemical-microbial properties to Phragmites australis invasion along a density gradient

Uddin

Robinson

2017

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“…Cherry Lake was a low land and seasonally inundated marshy area before European settlement, but following urbanization, it was altered and drained to manage the wetland. During European settlement, Phragmites occupied a small portion of the wetland, but gradually, it has been expanding vigorously and making almost monospecific stands that changes the floristic composition 16 . Considered a less-disturbed and low-nutrient wetland 39 , the site was selected to source plant materials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Invasion of Phragmites australis (hereafter Phragmites) possess the great threat amongst aggressive and widely studied invasive plants in wetlands 12,13 . It significantly modifies and often destroys ecosystem structure and functions [14][15][16][17] . Physiological characteristics of Phragmites including high rates of reproduction, well-developed aerenchyma and rhizosphere facilitate colonization, and dense canopies related to their high productivity can inhibit germination and growth of neighbour plant species [18][19][20] .…”

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“…Physiological characteristics of Phragmites including high rates of reproduction, well-developed aerenchyma and rhizosphere facilitate colonization, and dense canopies related to their high productivity can inhibit germination and growth of neighbour plant species [18][19][20] . The tissue chemistry of Phragmites and its extensive production alters nutrient pools 21 and availability in soils 16,18 . Together with its negative effects on ecology, Phragmites can impose considerable financial loss 22 .…”

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Nitrogen immobilization may reduce invasibility of nutrient enriched plant community invaded by Phragmites australis

Uddin

Robinson

Asaeda

2020

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Nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen, is an important determinant of plant community productivity, diversity and invasibility in a wetland ecosystem. It may contribute to increasing colonization and dominance of invasive species, such as Phragmites australis, especially during wetland restoration. Providing native species a competitive advantage over invasive species, manipulating soil nutrients (nitrogen) may be an effective strategy to control the invasive species and that management tool is essential to restore the degraded ecosystems. Therefore, we examined competition between Phragmites australis and Melaleuca ericifolia in a greenhouse setting with activated carbon (AC) treatments, followed by cutting of Phragmites shoots in nutrient-rich soils. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of AC on plant-free microcosms in the laboratory, to differentiate direct effects of AC on soil microbial functions from indirect effects. Overall, the objective was to test whether lowering nitrogen might be an effective approach for reducing Phragmites invasion in the wetland. The AC reduced Phragmites total biomass more significantly in repeated cut regime (57%) of Phragmites shoots compared to uncut regime (39%). Conversely, it increased Melaleuca total biomass by 41% and 68% in uncut and repeated cut regimes, respectively. Additionally, AC decreased more total nitrogen in above-ground biomass (41 to 55%) and non-structural carbohydrate in rhizome (21 to 65%) of Phragmites, and less total nitrogen reduction in above-ground biomass (25 to 24%) of Melaleuca in repeated cut compared to uncut regime. The significant negative correlation between Phragmites and Melaleuca total biomass was observed, and noticed that Phragmites acquired less biomass comparatively than Melaleuca in AC-untreated versus AC-treated pots across the cutting frequency. AC also caused significant changes to microbial community functions across Phragmites populations, namely nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, nitrogen microbial biomass and dehydrogenase activity (P ≤ 0.05) that may potentially explain changes in plant growth competition between Phragmites and Melaleuca. The overall effects on plant growth, however, may be partially microbially mediated, which was demonstrated through soil microbial functions. Results support the idea that reducing community vulnerability to invasion through nutrient (nitrogen) manipulations by AC with reducing biomass of invasive species may provide an effective strategy for invasive species management and ecosystem restoration.There are numerous global environmental issues ranging from climate change, global warming, pollution, biological invasion to loss of biodiversity and many more 1 . Amongst these, biological invasion has been considered the most persistent issue to cause biodiversity loss and species extinction placing negative impacts on natural communities and ecological characteristics 2,3 . In parallel, nutrient enrichment is augmenting the invasion process, and is considered a communal obstacle in impl...

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“…Phragmites australis is the most frequently used macrophyte in constructed wetlands, as it can form a monoculture and significantly modify the structure and functions of wetland ecosystems (McCormick et al 2010;Uddin et al 2017). The aboveground parts of P. australis die back at the end of the annual growth cycle but the underground parts remain viable for many years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of methane emissions in constructed wetlands: how do plants influence methane flux during the wastewater treatment?

Wang

et al. 2019

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Plants play an essential role in methane (CH 4) production, transport and release processes of constructed wetlands but as yet there has been no consistent and clear consensus of their impacts on CH 4 emissions. In this study, we used plant presence, species richness, plant species-specificity, and harvesting activity information obtained by reviewing papers published from 1993 to 2018 to elucidate the key factors that drive CH 4 emission from constructed wetlands. Although it was not statistically significant, plant presence increased the CH 4 emissions compared to unvegetated conditions and relatively lower values were observed for constructed wetlands planted with Acorus calamus, Cyperus papyrus or Juncus effusus. The use of a single plant species not only changed the production and consumption of CH 4 by affecting the functioning of roots but also influenced the process of CH 4 entering the atmosphere under different transport capacities. The CH 4 flux reached 1.0686 g CH 4 m À2 d À1 from the Zizania latifolia system, which is eight times larger than that of the Phalaris arundinacea system. The mixed systems exhibited a positive increase in CH 4 flux with plant species richness due to the complementary effects of the root exudates excreted from different plants. The minimum CH 4 value (À0.0084 g CH 4 m À2 d À1) was observed in the three-species system (Oenanthe javanica, Phalaris arundinacea and J. effusus). These results demonstrate that selecting several species with lower methane fluxes such as Typha latifolia and C. papyrus and suitably regulating harvesting in constructed wetlands can be more effective for mitigating the potential of CH 4 emissions while maintaining the efficiency of sewage purification.

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Role of allelopathy of Phragmites australis in its invasion processes

Cited by 29 publications

References 61 publications

Responses of plant species diversity and soil physical-chemical-microbial properties to Phragmites australis invasion along a density gradient

Responses of plant species diversity and soil physical-chemical-microbial properties to Phragmites australis invasion along a density gradient

Nitrogen immobilization may reduce invasibility of nutrient enriched plant community invaded by Phragmites australis

An overview of methane emissions in constructed wetlands: how do plants influence methane flux during the wastewater treatment?

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