Role of Adenosine Receptors in Clinical Biophysics Based on Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields

Varani, Katia; Vincenzi, Fabrizio; Cadossi, Matteo; Setti, Stefania; Borea, Pier Andrea; Cadossi, Ruggero

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90808-3_24

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Interestingly, PEMFs through the increase of A 2A ARs and A 3 ARs potentiate the effect of endogenous adenosine resulting in more physiological effects in comparison to traditional drugs. As a consequence, the PEMF-enhanced anti-inflammatory effect of adenosine would not be accompanied by side effects, receptor desensitization, and downregulation [ 82 ]. These observations on adenosinergic system modulation suggest that PEMFs may represent an attractive strategy in the context of ‘soft-pharmacology’ as a non-invasive treatment capable of increasing the effect of an endogenous drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation in Osteogenesis and Chondrogenesis: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Implications

Varani

Vincenzi

Pasquini

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the main cell players in tissue repair and thanks to their self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, they gained significant attention as cell source for tissue engineering (TE) approaches aimed at restoring bone and cartilage defects. Despite significant progress, their therapeutic application remains debated: the TE construct often fails to completely restore the biomechanical properties of the native tissue, leading to poor clinical outcomes in the long term. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are currently used as a safe and non-invasive treatment to enhance bone healing and to provide joint protection. PEMFs enhance both osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Here, we provide extensive review of the signaling pathways modulated by PEMFs during MSCs osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Particular attention has been given to the PEMF-mediated activation of the adenosine signaling and their regulation of the inflammatory response as key player in TE approaches. Overall, the application of PEMFs in tissue repair is foreseen: (1) in vitro: to improve the functional and mechanical properties of the engineered construct; (2) in vivo: (i) to favor graft integration, (ii) to control the local inflammatory response, and (iii) to foster tissue repair from both implanted and resident MSCs cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%