Role of activation on the performance of the iron negative electrode in nickel/iron cells

Towards the development of safe and commercially viable nickel–iron batteries: improvements to Coulombic efficiency at high iron sulphide electrode formulations

“…It has been proposed that sulphur-containing species such as iron sulphide could improve the performance of a NiFe cell by controlling the corrosion state of the iron electrode [26][27][28]; however, the detailed mechanism is not fully understood [29].…”

Configuring Optimal FeS2@Carbon Nanoreactor Anodes: Toward Insights into Pyrite Phase Change/Failure Mechanism in Rechargeable Ni–Fe Cells

“…To solve tough issues aforementioned, the semiconducting pyrite (FeS 2 ; band gap: 0.95 eV), a vital member in the FeS x family, has attracted tremendous attention as a compelling anode candidate attributed to its unique intrinsic advantages. − Primarily, the good mechanical stability and inherent electrical conductivity of FeS 2 allow for more rapid/efficient electron transfer in ESDs. , For example, Venkateshalu et al once proved that FeS 2 can exhibit remarkable specific capacity/energy when applied for high-rate power sources . Second, the incorporation of sulfur-contained substances covering on ferruginous reaction sites as the depassivation/protective agent can suppress the undesired HER phenomenon/side reactions and HER -induced low charging efficiency. , Nevertheless, pure FeS 2 is yet incompetent for commercial utilizations since it still suffers from formidable kinetic challenges including inevitable phase changes, large volumetric expansions, and actives dissolution, enabling the actual electrode performances far from satisfactory to fulfill practical criterions. , In an attempt to overcome these constraints, a great deal of work has been devoted to one rational/proper strategy; that is, delicate design of FeS 2 into expectative micro-/nanoparticles for preferred reaction kinetics and meantime construction of robust/functionalized “armor” on each dispersed FeS 2 unit for mechanical protections. , Though worldwide scientists are rationally committed to making state-of-the-art FeS 2 electrodes and accordingly achieving acquired significant improvements, nearly all of them elaborate the success roughly based on an ambiguous mechanism assumption of “FeS 2 + OH – ↔ FeS 2 OH + e – ”; in other words, detailed pyrite phase conversions/intrinsic working dynamics in deep cyclic period are rarely uncovered . In this regard, in-depth probes into optimal electrodes of FeS 2 @protective matrix via real-time monitoring detection/analysis on a structural/constituent level are highly deserved to gain insights into more inherent properties and critical information.…”

“…18 Second, the incorporation of sulfur-contained substances covering on ferruginous reaction sites as the depassivation/protective agent can suppress the undesired HER phenomenon/side reactions and HER-induced low charging efficiency. 19,20 Nevertheless, pure FeS 2 is yet incompetent for commercial utilizations since it still suffers from formidable kinetic challenges including inevitable phase changes, large volumetric expansions, and actives dissolution, enabling the actual electrode performances far from satisfactory to fulfill practical criterions. 21,22 In an attempt to overcome these constraints, a great deal of work has been devoted to one rational/proper strategy; that is, delicate design of FeS 2 into expectative micro-/nanoparticles for preferred reaction kinetics and meantime construction of robust/ functionalized "armor" on each dispersed FeS 2 unit for mechanical protections.…”

Electrochemical properties of Fe2O3/AB based composite electrodes in alkaline solution

“…This is the cause of the low charge/discharge efficiency and high self-discharge rate of iron electrode. To overcome the limitations of the iron electrode, a number of additives are incorporated in the iron electrode during fabrication [6,[8][9][10][11] or in electrolyte [6,[10][11][12][13][14] or both [6,[10][11]14]. To increase the active material surface area, in the present study, we prepared Fe2O3/C using Acetylene Black carbon (AB) and iron oxide for use as anode in Fe/air battery.…”