Role of Acremonium Endophyte of Fescue on Inhibition of Colonization and Reproduction of Mycorrhizal Fungi

Bin, Guo; Hendrix, James W.; An, Zhiqiang; Ferriss, R. S.

doi:10.2307/3760286

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The N isotope signature of tall fescue may be altered if mycorrhizal networks were impacted by endophyte strain or proximity to red clover, since transfer of N through mycorrhizal networks is known to fractionate against 15 N (Hobbie and Ouimette 2009). For example, greater transfer of biologically-fixed N from red clover to tall fescue may have occurred through increased mycorrhizal networks (Haystead et al 1988;Mårtensson et al 1998) in TF(+ RC) samples compared to TF(-RC) samples or in Eplots compared to endophyte-infected plots (Chu-Chou et al 1992;Guo et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fungal endophyte symbiosis alters nitrogen source of tall fescue host, but not nitrogen fixation in co-occurring red clover

et al. 2015

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Background and aims Infection of tall fescue with the common toxic fungal endophyte Epichloë coenophiala harms livestock via toxic alkaloid production; therefore, non-toxic 'novel' strains of the endophyte have been developed and released. How different endophyte strains impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in mixed species pastures is unknown. We asked whether novel endophyte or common toxic endophyte-infected (NE+; CTE+) tall fescue affects symbiotic and nonsymbiotic BNF, and utilization of biologically-fixed nitrogen in tall fescue. Methods Tall fescue was planted either endophyte-free (E-), infected with CTE, two non-toxic strains AR542 NE, AR584 NE, or a blend of endophyte treatments. We measured natural abundance of 15 N in plant and soil samples, and conducted soil acetylene reduction assays. Results Endophyte presence and strain significantly affected the δ 15 N of tall fescue. Near red clover, CTE+ and AR584 NE+ tall fescue were most 15 N-depleted; but away, E-tall fescue was most 15 N-depleted. Endophyte strain significantly influenced N concentration in red clover, but not symbiotic or non-symbiotic BNF.Conclusions Endophyte strains produce different effects on tall fescue's competitive ability and nitrogen utilization. In mixed pastures, deployment of NE strains for decreased alkaloid toxicity will differentially impact use of biologically fixed nitrogen in tall fescue and nitrogen concentration in red clover. Abbreviations CTE+common toxic endophyte-infected Eendophyte-free BNF biological nitrogen fixation NE+ novel endophyte-infected EMix equal mix of E-, CTE+, AR542 NE+, and AR584 NE+ treatments within plot PDF pasture demonstration farm RC red clover TF(+RC) tall fescue plant located close to red clover TF(-RC) tall fescue plant located away from red clover CF-IRMS continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer ARA acetylene reduction assay Plant Soil

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fungal endophyte symbiosis alters nitrogen source of tall fescue host, but not nitrogen fixation in co-occurring red clover

et al. 2015

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“…Cattle that feed on tall fescue infected with N. coenophialum show reduced weight gain, decreased milk production, increased respiration and, in extreme cases, dry gangrene in hooves (Siegel et al 1987), and other mammalian herbivores show similar symptoms of toxicocis (e.g., Bush 1996, 1997;Kaiser et al 1996). Tall fescue infected with N. coenophialum also reduces performance and survival of many invertebrate herbivores, including fall armyworm, crickets,¯our beetles, stem weevils, and sod webworms (see references in Siegel et al 1987;Breen 1994;, and inhibits microbial growth (Guo et al 1992). Most of these herbivores are introduced generalists and agricultural pests.…”

Section: Study Grasses and Fungimentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Endophytes in the genus Neotyphodium (formerly Acremonium) inhabiting Pooideae grasses in the genera Bromus, Festuca, Lolium, Poa, and Stipa (Siegel et al 1987) are well known for their anti-herbivore properties against many vertebrates and invertebrates (Clay 1988(Clay , 1990(Clay , 1991Breen 1994;Schardl and Phillips 1997) and anti-microbial activity (Guo et al 1992;Siegel and Bush 1997). The primary mechanism of increased resistance to herbivores and microbes is production of mycotoxins, such as loline, peramine, lolitrem, and ergovaline alkaloids, by the endophytic fungus Bush 1996, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To test the eect of the endophyte on preference, we presented workers in foraging colonies choices between infected and uninfected tall fescue and Arizona fescue. To determine the anti-herbivore (e.g., Siegel et al 1987;Siegel and Bush 1997) and anti-fungal (e.g., Guo et al 1992) attributes of Neotyphodium infections on this ant species, we reared foundress queens on diets of infected and uninfected tall fescue and Arizona fescue. We predicted that Neotyphodium in these grasses should decrease colony survival and performance in terms of fungus garden size and number of workers produced by founding A. versicolor queens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neotyphodium endophytes in grasses: deterrents or promoters of herbivory by leaf-cutting ants?

Tibbets

Faeth

1999

Oecologia

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Endophytic fungi, particularly in the genus Neotyphodium, are thought to interact mutualistically with host grasses primarily by deterring herbivores and pathogens via production of alkaloidal mycotoxins. Little is known, however, about how these endophytes interact with host plants and herbivores outside the realm of agronomic forage grasses, such as tall fescue, and their livestock grazers or invertebrate pest herbivores. We tested the effects of Neotyphodium inhabiting introduced tall fescue and native Arizona fescue on preference, survival, and performance of the leaf-cutting ant, Acromyrmex versicolor, an important generalist herbivore in the southwestern United States. In a choice experiment, we determined preferences of foraging queens and workers for infected and uninfected tall fescue and Arizona fescue. In a no-choice experiment, we determined queen survival, worker production, and size of fungal gardens for foundress queens reared on diets of infected and uninfected tall fescue and Arizona fescue. Foraging workers and queens did not significantly prefer either uninfected tall fescue or Arizona fescue relative to infected grasses, although ants tended to harvest more uninfected than infected tall fescue and more infected than uninfected Arizona fescue. Queen survivorship and length of survival was greater on uninfected tall fescue, uninfected Arizona fescue, and infected Arizona fescue than on infected tall fescue or the standard diet of palo verde and mesquite leaves. No queens survived beyond 6 weeks of the study when fed the infected tall fescue diet, in contrast to the effects of the other diets. Likewise, worker production was much lower and fungal garden size much smaller on infected tall fescue than in all other treatments, including the standard diet. In general, ant colonies survived and performed better on uninfected tall fescue and infected and uninfected Arizona fescue than standard diets of palo verde and mesquite leaves. The interaction of Neotyphodium with its host grasses is highly variable and these endophytes may increase, not alter, or even decrease resistance to herbivores. The direction of the interaction depends on host and fungal genotype, herbivore species, and environmental factors. The presence of endophytes in most, if not all, host plants suggests that endophytes may alter foraging patterns, performance, and survival of herbivores, such as leaf-cutting ants, but not always in ways that increase host plant fitness.

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“…Reported host benefits include increased resistance to both grazing and insect herbivory, decreased nematode predation, antimicrobial and antifungal properties, both heat and drought stress tolerance, and increased overall vigor (e.g., tiller production, biomass, height, seed crop, seed germination; Clay 1987Clay , 1990aClay , 1997bCheplick et al 1989;Petroski et al 1990;Guo et al 1992;Siegel 1993). Costs to the plant, though poorly understood, are thought to be insignificant (Hill 1994;Bacon and Hill 1996).…”

Section: Manuscript Received March 2001mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Endophyte Infection in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea: Poaceae) on Community Diversity

Spyreas¹,

Gibson

Middleton

2001

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Recent studies have suggested that the presence of endophytes in tall fescue can lead to decreased species richness in the associated plant community. To assess the generality of this hypothesis, a field study tested the effects of endophyte infection on a 3-yr-old successional field dominated by Festuca arundinacea. The potential importance of endophyte infection relative to other environmental factors was tested by including two additional treatments: the effects of soil fertility and mowing. Contrary to previous studies, a positive relationship was found between endophyte infection frequency and diversity ( ,2 N p 23 F p 5.23 R p 0.19 P ! 0.03 strong interaction was found between the mowing treatment and endophyte infection frequency in predicting diversity ( , , , ), where the maximum species richness was present in 2 N p 22 F p 36.1 R p 0.84 P ! 0.0001 plots that were both mowed and highly endophyte infected. The relationship between endophytes and diversity varied through the successional continuum (the mowing treatments) but was generally positive. The soil in mowed plots was drier than in unmowed plots ( , , ). We suggest that heavy mowing t p 2.1 df p 28 P ! 0.05 decreases soil moisture levels enough to reduce the interspecific competitive ability of infected F. arundinacea, thereby promoting local diversity. Endophyte presence is important, but the previously reported negative relationship between endophyte infection and community diversity is probably overly simplistic in complex ecological settings.

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Role of Acremonium Endophyte of Fescue on Inhibition of Colonization and Reproduction of Mycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Fungal endophyte symbiosis alters nitrogen source of tall fescue host, but not nitrogen fixation in co-occurring red clover

Fungal endophyte symbiosis alters nitrogen source of tall fescue host, but not nitrogen fixation in co-occurring red clover

Neotyphodium endophytes in grasses: deterrents or promoters of herbivory by leaf-cutting ants?

Effects of Endophyte Infection in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea: Poaceae) on Community Diversity

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