Role of Acc Deaminase Producing Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Ameliorating the Salinity Stress Conditions: A Review

Abstract

Salinity in agricultural soil is a severe problem that affects the growth and production in numerous crops all over the world. The country's salt‒affected land is estimated to be 6.74 million hectares. According to estimates, approximately 10% more land is becoming salinized each year, and by 2050, nearly half of all arable land will be contaminated by salt. Plants may have bacterial companions that shield them from the negative consequences of salt stress (SS). Plant growth‒promoting bacteria (PGPR) can minimize the usage of agrochemicals while also improving plant production, nutrition, and biotic–abiotic stress tolerance. The enzyme 1‒ aminocyclopropane‒1‒carboxylic acid deaminase (ACCD) is found in certain bacteria and works by degradingACC (ethylene precursor in higher plants) into α‒ketobutyrate and ammonia (NH3), thereby reducing the ACC levels, thus, inhibits excessive biosynthesis of ethylene under numerous stress circumstances. This is one of the most effective methods for inducing plant tolerance to SS. The current review highlighted the recent works of ACCD under SS environment. Further, the relevance of reducing the negative effect of ROS and increasing plant development under SS were also discussed.We propose a path for the community to employ beneficial microorganisms to boost agricultural yield and achieve sustainable developmentby highlightingplant‒microbeinteractionsin this review.