Role of a groundwater–lake interface in controlling seepage of water and nitrate

Karan, Sachin; Kidmose, Jacob; Engesgaard, Peter; Nilsson, Bertel; Frandsen, Mette; Ommen, Daniela Oliveira; Flindt, Mogens; Andersen, Frede Østergaard; Pedersen, Ole

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.06.011

Cited by 33 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Engesgaard et al (1996) report on a large-scale transport simulation study and found that an anisotropy ratio of 0.5 matches observed tritium profiles measured in a sandy outwash aquifer. In a similar sedimentary environment, Karan et al (2014) argued that a ratio of 0.02 to 0.1 was needed to match both the measured discharge of groundwater to a lake and an observed nitrate plume beneath the lake bed. The use of a ratio of 0.1 is therefore not unrealistic.…”

Section: Calibration Of Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and ³⁹Ar Transport Modeling

Sonnenborg¹,

Scharling

Hinsby

et al. 2015

Groundwater

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A large-scale groundwater flow and transport model is developed for a deep-seated (100 to 300 m below ground surface) sedimentary aquifer system. The model is based on a three-dimensional (3D) hydrostratigraphic model, building on a sequence stratigraphic approach. The flow model is calibrated against observations of hydraulic head and stream discharge while the credibility of the transport model is evaluated against measurements of (39)Ar from deep wells using alternative parameterizations of dispersivity and effective porosity. The directly simulated 3D mean age distributions and vertical fluxes are used to visualize the two-dimensional (2D)/3D age and flux distribution along transects and at the top plane of individual aquifers. The simulation results are used to assess the vulnerability of the aquifer system that generally has been assumed to be protected by thick overlaying clayey units and therefore proposed as future reservoirs for drinking water supply. The results indicate that on a regional scale these deep-seated aquifers are not as protected from modern surface water contamination as expected because significant leakage to the deeper aquifers occurs. The complex distribution of local and intermediate groundwater flow systems controlled by the distribution of the river network as well as the topographical variation (Tóth 1963) provides the possibility for modern water to be found in even the deepest aquifers.

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Section: Calibration Of Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and ³⁹Ar Transport Modeling

Sonnenborg¹,

Scharling

Hinsby

et al. 2015

Groundwater

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“…The result showed clear denitrification and contaminant diminution in the groundwater. Yan, et al [8], Al-Charideh, et al [9] and Karan, et al [10] have tried to trace the source of nitrate pollution using isotope analysis. These studies showed that fertilizer application, precipitation, and irrigation strongly influence nitrate concentrations in surface water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the wet season, application of fertilizers to the ground will cause transportation of nitrate by precipitation through the soil layers and to the groundwater. Meanwhile, denitrification only occurs in surface water during the wet season [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Fate of Nitrate and Analysis of Shallow Soil Water using Geo-electrical Resistivity Survey

Islami¹

2017

J. Eng. Technol. Sci.

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Abstract. Evaluation of the fate of nitrate and analysis of shallow soil water in a tobacco plantation area were conducted using integration of soil properties and hydrogeochemical analysis, and geo-electrical resistivity methods, taking measurements four times within a three-month period. The sampling data were taken in two areas: a fertilized and a nonfertilized zone. Chemical fertilizer was introduced to the fertilized zone after the first data acquisition. Hydrogeohemical analysis of the soil water was conducted from the surface to a depth of 1 m at an interval of 25 cm. The results show that the cations in the soil water were quite comparable for each monitoring time. Conversely, relatively larger changes in anion content occurred at the surface until a depth of 1 m. In particular, the nitrate concentration reached its maximum level at about 67 days after fertilization and returned to its initial value approximately 195 days after fertilization. The geo-electrical resistivity profiles exhibited no indication of low resistivity values prior to fertilization near the surface. However, lower resistivity values were found in the fertilized zone at the second and third measurement. The result shows that the adjoining environment dissolved the nitrate concentration in the pore soil within the three-month time period.

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“…Water balances are increasingly important for understanding water resources under the stress of drought and/or climate change (Kebede et al 2006;Swenson and Wahr 2009;Lei et al 2013). Often, groundwater inflow and leakage outflow comprise a substantial percentage of a lake's water balance and, in some cases, can strongly influence lake-water quality (Hagerthy and Kerfoot 1998;Shaw et al 2013;Jarosiewicz and Witek 2014;Karan et al 2014;Lewandowski et al 2015;Rosenberry et al 2015). However, quantifying groundwater inflows and outflows can be very difficult for lakes in regions that are topographically and geologically complex due to aquifer heterogeneity, preferred fracture flow, multiple groundwater flow paths (Krabbenhoft et al 1990;Xiao et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating groundwater inflow and leakage outflow for an intermontane lake with a structurally complex geology: Georgetown Lake in Montana, USA

2016

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Stable isotopes of the water molecule (δ 18 O and δD) for groundwater, lake water, streams, and precipitation were coupled with physical flux measurements to investigate groundwater-lake interactions and to establish a water balance for a structurally complex lake. Georgetown Lake, a shallow high-latitude high-elevation lake, is located in southwestern Montana, USA. The lake is situated between two mountain ranges with highlands primarily to the east and south of the lake and a lower valley to the west. An annual water balance and (δ 18 O and δD) isotope balance were used to quantify annual groundwater inflows of 2.5 × 10 7 m 3 /year and lake leakage outflows of 1.6 × 10 7 m 3 /year. Roughly, 57% of total inflow to the lake is from groundwater, and 37% of total outflow at Georgetown Lake is groundwater. Stable isotopes of groundwater and springs around the lake and surrounding region show that the east side of the lake contains meteoric water recharged annually from higher mountain sources, and groundwater discharge to the lake occurs through this region. However, springs located in the lower western valley and some of the surrounding domestic wells west of the lake show isotopic enrichment indicative of strong to moderate evaporation similar to Georgetown Lake water. This indicates that some outflowing lake water recharges groundwater through the underlying west-dipping bedrock in the region.

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Role of a groundwater–lake interface in controlling seepage of water and nitrate

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and ³⁹Ar Transport Modeling

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and ³⁹Ar Transport Modeling

Evaluation of the Fate of Nitrate and Analysis of Shallow Soil Water using Geo-electrical Resistivity Survey

Estimating groundwater inflow and leakage outflow for an intermontane lake with a structurally complex geology: Georgetown Lake in Montana, USA

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Role of a groundwater–lake interface in controlling seepage of water and nitrate

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and 39Ar Transport Modeling

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and 39Ar Transport Modeling

Evaluation of the Fate of Nitrate and Analysis of Shallow Soil Water using Geo-electrical Resistivity Survey

Estimating groundwater inflow and leakage outflow for an intermontane lake with a structurally complex geology: Georgetown Lake in Montana, USA

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Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and ³⁹Ar Transport Modeling

Aquifer Vulnerability Assessment Based on Sequence Stratigraphic and ³⁹Ar Transport Modeling