Role modelship and interaction in adolescence and young adulthood.

Bell, Alan P.

doi:10.1037/h0028613

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…In interviews with 101 males over a 10-year period of their lives (from age 15-25), Bell (1970) found that most role models exerted influence over only one of the three "spheres of life" (educational, occupational, or personal; p. 123). He also found that there were three different ways in which identification with a role model could be described: "perceived similarity with the role model, imitation of the role model, and assimilation of the role model's attitudes and values" (p. 123).…”

Section: Role Models the Nature Of Role Model Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mentors, role models, and heroes in the lives of gifted children

Pleiss¹,

Feldhusen²

1995

Educational Psychologist

100

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Section: Role Models the Nature Of Role Model Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mentors, role models, and heroes in the lives of gifted children

Pleiss¹,

Feldhusen²

1995

Educational Psychologist

100

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“…Role identification can be seen as a cognitive response to an individual's belief that the characteristics of another person (the model) are close to his/her own motives and character (Kagan, 1958) and that this other person plays a desirable -often central -social role or occupies an attractive position (Bell, 1970). Identification may result in the formation or adaptation of an individual's preferences (Witt, 1991) or in imitative behavior if this is 2 Role models may not only promote or influence people to select a similar career ("positive" role model).…”

Section: Definition and Functions Of Role Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, role models may also enhance the desire to Consistent with these role and model aspects, the phenomenon of role models is explained by theories of (role) identification and social learning (Gibson, 2003;. Role identification can be seen as a cognitive response to an individual's belief that the characteristics of another person (the model) are close to his/her own motives and character (Kagan, 1958) and that this other person plays a desirable -often central -social role or occupies an attractive position (Bell, 1970). Identification may result in the formation or adaptation of an individual's preferences (Witt, 1991) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrepreneurship and role models

Bosma

Hessels

Schutjens

et al. 2012

Journal of Economic Psychology

550

480

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In the media, role models are increasingly acknowledged as important influential factors for occupational choice and career outcomes. Apart from conceptual studies establishing a link between role models and entrepreneurial intentions, empirical research on the importance of role models for (nascent) entrepreneurs has been scarce and there is still little knowledge of what determines the use of specific entrepreneurial role models, as well as the precise function of such role models. Our explorative empirical study based on extensive face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of about 300 entrepreneurs who have recently started up a company in the Netherlands is a first step to fill this gap. We provide initial indications of the size and significance of the effect of role models on occupational choice, the function of role models and the relationship and similarity of characteristics between the (nascent) entrepreneur and the role model. KEYWORDS: role models, (nascent) entrepreneurs, human capital, occupational choice, start-up phase JEL-CODES: L26, M13, J24--Work in progress --Please do not cite or quote without permission from the authors --1 Entrepreneurship and role models Paper presented at the Conference of the European Regional Science Association, Jönköping, Sweden, August 19-23, 2010 INTRODUCTIONIndividual decisions to engage in a certain behavior are often influenced by the behavior and opinions of, or examples set by, others (Ajzen, 1991). This also holds for the occupational choice of individuals (Krumboltz et al., 1976) and, more specifically, the decision to engage in entrepreneurship. Many entrepreneurs claim that their business start-ups and business activities have been influenced by other people. These 'other people' are often entrepreneurs, for example famous ones such as Steve Jobs or family members. They serve as role models. A role model is a common reference to individuals who set examples for others to be emulated, and who may stimulate or inspire others to make (career) decisions and achieve certain goals (Shapiro et al., 1978;Basow and Howe, 1980;Wright et al., 1997). The relevance of role models becomes evident in the popular business press that is littered with references to the alleged influence, names (elicited by numerous polls) and speeches of entrepreneurial role models.Although entrepreneurial role models have become an important phenomenon in practice, as yet, their occurrence, function and characteristics have been studied to a limited extent by academics. In this paper we attempt to fill this gap by discussing the results from an empirical study that is explorative in nature and addresses the use of specific role models by entrepreneurs, both in the pre-and post-start-up phase of their company. For this purpose we collected data by means of in-depth face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of about 300 entrepreneurs who recently started a business in the Netherlands.Our study is inspired by the scarce and scattered literature on role models...

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“…For example, persons may be more likely to conform with behavioural norms through modelling of others' behaviours, when the persons perceive similarities and can identify with the role models. 9 10 Likewise, bridging social capital may yield health benefits through these mechanisms as a result of acquired assets and information stemming from dissimilarities between individuals. For instance, communities high in bridging social capital that aim to improve local services may conceivably access a wide range of informational resources, 2 and achieve strong political influence through the sociodemographic and socioeconomic diversity of its social networks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bonding versus bridging social capital and their associations with self rated health: a multilevel analysis of 40 US communities

Kim

Subramanian²,

Kawachi³

2006

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

342

221

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Study objective: Few studies have distinguished between the effects of different forms of social capital on health. This study distinguished between the health effects of summary measures tapping into the constructs of community bonding and community bridging social capital. Design: A multilevel logistic regression analysis of community bonding and community bridging social capital in relation to individual self rated fair/poor health. Main results: Adjusting for community sociodemographic and socioeconomic composition and community level income and age, the odds ratio of reporting fair or poor health was lower for each 1-standard deviation (SD) higher community bonding social capital (OR = 0.86; 95% = 0.80 to 0.92) and each 1-SD higher community bridging social capital (OR = 0.95; 95% CI = 0.88 to 1.02). The addition of indicators for individual level bonding and bridging social capital and social trust slightly attenuated the associations for community bonding social capital (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.97) and community bridging social capital (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.89 to 1.03). Individual level high formal bonding social capital, trust in members of one's race/ethnicity, and generalised social trust were each significantly and inversely related to fair/poor health. Furthermore, significant cross level interactions of community social capital with individual race/ethnicity were seen, including weaker inverse associations between community bonding social capital and fair/poor health among black persons compared with white persons. Conclusions: These results suggest modest protective effects of community bonding and community bridging social capital on health. Interventions and policies that leverage community bonding and bridging social capital might serve as means of population health improvement.

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Role modelship and interaction in adolescence and young adulthood.

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Mentors, role models, and heroes in the lives of gifted children

Mentors, role models, and heroes in the lives of gifted children

Entrepreneurship and role models

Bonding versus bridging social capital and their associations with self rated health: a multilevel analysis of 40 US communities

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