Roentgenography of Urinary Tract During Excretion of Sodium Iodid

Osborne, Earl D.

doi:10.1001/jama.1923.02640330004002

Cited by 138 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Iodinated molecules were first used as a contrast agent in 1923 [13] and have undergone significant improvements since then. The first water-soluble contrast agents utilized sodium iodide, which was toxic at the concentrations necessary for imaging contrast.…”

Section: X-ray Imaging and Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents in x-ray Imaging and Computed Tomography

Cole

Ross

Tilley

et al. 2015

Nanomedicine (Lond.)

298

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Computed tomography enables 3D anatomic imaging at a high spatial resolution, but requires delivery of an x-ray contrast agent to distinguish tissues with similar or low x-ray attenuation. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained recent attention as an x-ray contrast agent due to exhibiting a high x-ray attenuation, nontoxicity and facile synthesis and surface functionalization for colloidal stability and targeted delivery. Potential diagnostic applications include blood pool imaging, passive targeting and active targeting, where actively targeted AuNPs could enable molecular imaging by computed tomography. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge for AuNP x-ray contrast agents within a paradigm of key structure-property-function relationships in order to provide guidance for the design of AuNP contrast agents to meet the necessary functional requirements in a particular application. Functional requirements include delivery to the site of interest (e.g., blood, tumors or microcalcifications), nontoxicity during delivery and clearance, targeting or localization at the site of interest and contrast enhancement for the site of interest compared with surrounding tissues. Design is achieved by strategically controlling structural characteristics (composition, mass concentration, size, shape and surface functionalization) for optimized properties and functional performance. Examples from the literature are used to highlight current design trade-offs that exist between the different functional requirements.

show abstract

Section: X-ray Imaging and Computed Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents in x-ray Imaging and Computed Tomography

Cole

Ross

Tilley

et al. 2015

Nanomedicine (Lond.)

298

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 The study is a widely available, low-cost investigation that entails a relatively low radiation exposure (i.e., 1.5 mSv for the three-shot sequence). 12 In addition, it provides detailed anatomy of the renal collecting systems and ureters, offers some information about renal function and the degree of obstruction, and is good for planning of stone surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Acute Flank Pain: How Do Practices of U.K. and Irish Urologists Compare with Those of Transatlantic and Continental European Colleagues?

Otite

Parkin

Waymont

et al. 2005

Journal of Endourology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Urography remains the commonest modality for the investigation of acute flank pain in the UK and Ireland primarily because of limited CT services and greater familiarity with the images. Given the opportunity, only half of consultant urologists would select NESCT in preference to IVU, suggesting that improving the availability of CT services alone may not lead to practice paralleling that of our transatlantic and continental European colleagues.

show abstract

“…CCBs have also been reported to have cytoprotective effects on renal cells; by suppressing influx of extracellular calcium after ischemic or toxic injuries, and by modulating mesangial traffic of macromolecules, they reduce free radical generation and renal hypertrophy (Baer and Navar, 1973;Bakris and Burnett, 1985;Esnault, 2002;Osborne et al, 1923). In addition, CCBs can inhibit the decrease of NO synthesis following RCM administration in humans (Esnault, 2002).…”

Section: Hemodynamic Mechanisms Of Nephrotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%