Rodlet cells in kidney of goldfish (Carassius auratus, Linnaeus 1758): A light and confocal microscopy study

Alesci, Alessio; Pergolizzi, Simona; Capillo, Gioele; Cascio, Patrizia Lo; Lauriano, Eugenia Rita

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151876

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…TLRs, found in all classes of vertebrates [ 47 , 48 , 49 ], are physically and genotypically highly conserved receptors [ 50 , 51 ] that are involved in immune response [ 52 ]. Phylogenetically, TLRs—particularly TLR-2—have been characterized in urochordates (tunica and endostyle of ascidian Styela plicata) [ 53 , 54 ], cartilaginous fishes [ 10 ], bony fishes [ 55 ], and other upper vertebrates [ 48 , 56 ]. Sharks are interesting species from an evolutionary point of view, as they are considered the first species to have evolved adaptive immune responses in addition to the innate immune system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confocal Characterization of Intestinal Dendritic Cells from Myxines to Teleosts

Alesci

Capillo

Fumia

et al. 2022

Biology

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Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that regulate the beginning of adaptive immune responses. The mechanisms of tolerance to antigens moving through the digestive tract are known to be regulated by intestinal DCs. Agnatha and Gnathostoma are descendants of a common ancestor. The Ostracoderms gave rise to Cyclostomes, whereas the Placoderms gave rise to Chondrichthyes. Sarcopterygii and Actinopterygii are two evolutionary lines of bony fishes. Brachiopterygii and Neopterygii descend from the Actinopterygii. From Neopterygii, Holostei and Teleostei evolved. Using immunohistochemistry with TLR-2, Langerin/CD207, and MHC II, this study aimed to characterize intestinal DCs, from myxines to teleosts. The findings reveal that DCs are positive for the antibodies tested, highlighting the presence of DCs and DC-like cells phylogenetically from myxines, for the first time, to teleosts. These findings may aid in improving the level of knowledge about the immune system’s evolution and these sentinel cells, which are crucial to the body’s defense.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confocal Characterization of Intestinal Dendritic Cells from Myxines to Teleosts

Alesci

Capillo

Fumia

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…In addition, a decrease in T, B, and NK cells is evident [80]. A possible release of viral RNA in cells activates Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a group of phylogenetically conserved receptors [81][82][83][84][85][86][87], which induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These activate epithelial cells that recruit innate immune cells (NK cells and neutrophils).…”

Section: Immune System Of Pregnant Women During Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune System and Psychological State of Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic: Are Micronutrients Able to Support Pregnancy?

et al. 2022

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The immune system is highly dynamic and susceptible to many alterations throughout pregnancy. Since December 2019, a pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has swept the globe. To contain the spread of COVID-19, immediate measures such as quarantine and isolation were implemented. These containment measures have contributed to exacerbate situations of anxiety and stress, especially in pregnant women, who are already particularly anxious about their condition. Alterations in the psychological state of pregnant women are related to alterations in the immune system, which is more vulnerable under stress. COVID-19 could therefore find fertile soil in these individuals and risk more severe forms. Normally a controlled dietary regimen is followed during pregnancy, but the use of particular vitamins and micronutrients can help counteract depressive-anxiety states and stress, can improve the immune system, and provide an additional weapon in the defense against COVID-19 to bring the pregnancy to fruition. This review aims to gather data on the impact of COVID-19 on the immune system and psychological condition of pregnant women and to assess whether some micronutrients can improve their psychophysical symptoms.

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“…They appear to be involved in ion transportation, osmoregulation, secretion [ 36 ], and immune response. RCs are elongated, ovoid or spherical, with evident granules inside them [ 37 ], and can be characterized by immunohistochemistry techniques using the S100 antibody [ 38 , 39 ], a protein that is progressively conserved among vertebrates [ 40 ]. Other parts of the innate immune system of fish, such as mast cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils, are frequently associated with the existence of RCs [ 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and Chemical Analysis of Heavy Metals in Kidney and Gills of Boops boops: Melanomacrophages Centers and Rodlet Cells as Environmental Biomarkers

Alesci

Cicero

Fumia

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Industrialization has resulted in a massive increase in garbage output, which is frequently discharged or stored in waterways like rivers and seas. Due to their toxicity, durability, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification, heavy metals (such as mercury, cadmium, and lead) have been identified as strong biological poisons. Their presence in the aquatic environment has the potential to affect water quality parameters and aquatic life in general. Teleosts’ histopathology provides a sensitive indicator of pollutant-induced stress, because their organs have a central role in the transformation of different active chemical compounds in the aquatic environment. In particular, the gills, kidneys, and liver are placed at the center of toxicological studies. The purpose of this study is to examine the morphological changes caused by heavy metals in the kidney and gills of Boops boops, with a focus on melanomacrophages centers (MMCs) and rodlet cells (RCs) as environmental biomarkers, using histological and histochemical stainings (hematoxylin/eosin, Van Gieson trichrome, Periodic Acid Schiff reaction, and Alcian Blue/PAS 2.5), and immunoperoxidase methods. Our findings show an increase of MMCs and RCs linked to higher exposure to heavy metals, confirming the role of these aggregates and cells as reliable biomarkers of potential aquatic environmental changes reflected in fish fauna. The cytological study of RCs and MMCs could be important in gaining a better understanding of the complicated immune systems of teleosts.

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Rodlet cells in kidney of goldfish (Carassius auratus, Linnaeus 1758): A light and confocal microscopy study

Cited by 32 publications

References 101 publications

Confocal Characterization of Intestinal Dendritic Cells from Myxines to Teleosts

Confocal Characterization of Intestinal Dendritic Cells from Myxines to Teleosts

Immune System and Psychological State of Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic: Are Micronutrients Able to Support Pregnancy?

Histological and Chemical Analysis of Heavy Metals in Kidney and Gills of Boops boops: Melanomacrophages Centers and Rodlet Cells as Environmental Biomarkers

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