Rocking the Vote

Burgess, Diana J.; Haney, Beth; Snyder, Mark; Sullivan, John L.; Transue, John E.

doi:10.1086/316758

Cited by 29 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Hubungan tanpa peribadi kurang berkesan. Selain itu, atas beberapa sebab prosedur canvassing telefon lebih menekan dan mencabar (Burgess, Haney, Snyder, Sullivan, & Transue, 2000). Kaedah telefon tidak mudah dengan liputan seperti ketiadaan telefon di kawasan terpencil, atau bergantung kepada telefon bimbit penduduk bandar (Blumberg, Luke, Cynamon & Frankel, 2008).…”

Section: Kelebihan Kontak Bersemukaunclassified

Memahami Peranan Komunikasi dan Parti Berorientasikan Pasaran dalam Politik Malaysia

Wei,

Rahman

2023

MJSSH

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Politik di Malaysia sedang menyaksikan perebutan undian rakyat yang semakin matang dalam usaha mengubah landskap pemerintahan negara yang sebelum ini dilihat sebagai pasif. Sejak tsunami politik dalam pilihan raya umum pada tahun 2008, parti-parti politik di negara ini semakin sedar akan kepentingan pemasaran politik. Secara teori, terdapat tiga kaedah utama pemasaran politik iaitu parti yang berorientasikan produk, pasaran dan jualan. Mengguna pakai konsep yang dipinjam daripada bidang pengurusan, pemasaran politik dilihat semakin signifikan dalam memastikan parti politik sedia ada kekal relevan dan berkuasa. Seiring dengan keadaan politik semasa, artikel ini membincangkan proses pemodelan politik yang berorientasikan pasaran dan sejauh mana peranan komunikasi mampu menarik minat pengundi di Malaysia. Dengan memfokuskan kepada kaedah ini (pasaran), aspek komunikasi dalam proses pendekatan pasaran dibincangkan secara teliti. Kajian ini akan membandingkan pelbagai mod komunikasi dari segi kelebihan dan kelemahan, terutamanya dalam memperoleh kepercayaan pengundi. Akhir sekali, terdapat juga perbincangan yang berkaitan dengan usaha pemasaran politik secara bersemuka (canvassing) sebagai kaedah penting dalam memastikan komunikasi dua hala antara pengundi dan parti politik. Ahli politik yang memilih untuk berinteraksi secara bersemuka lebih mudah mempengaruhi pengundi dengan intonasi, ekspresi wajah dan bahasa badan yang meyakinkan dalam mewujudkan hubungan yang lebih dekat dengan pengundi. Hal ini membolehkan pengundi berasa lebih dekat dan mesra dengan calon tersebut. Justeru, proses komunikasi berjalan lebih lancar dan perkara ini terbukti berjaya mempengaruhi pengundi untuk membuat keputusan yang memihak kepada parti yang mengguna pakai pendekatan pemasaran politik ini (orientasi pasaran).

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Section: Kelebihan Kontak Bersemukaunclassified

Memahami Peranan Komunikasi dan Parti Berorientasikan Pasaran dalam Politik Malaysia

Wei,

Rahman

2023

MJSSH

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“…For example, the gesture of putting one’s hand over one’s heart has been shown to reduce cheating and encourage honesty [39], similar to the “pro-truth pledge,” an effort currently being tested to combat the effects of “fake news” [40]. Pre-commitment to moral values has been shown an effective means of positively influencing behavior in a range of circumstances, such as by increasing participation in public elections [41] and recycling programs [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing an active intervention to deter researchers’ use of questionable research practices

Bruton

Brown

Sacco

et al. 2019

Res Integr Peer Rev

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IntroductionIn this study, we tested a simple, active “ethical consistency” intervention aimed at reducing researchers’ endorsement of questionable research practices (QRPs).MethodsWe developed a simple, active ethical consistency intervention and tested it against a control using an established QRP survey instrument. Before responding to a survey that asked about attitudes towards each of fifteen QRPs, participants were randomly assigned to either a consistency or control 3–5-min writing task. A total of 201 participants completed the survey: 121 participants were recruited from a database of currently funded NSF/NIH scientists, and 80 participants were recruited from a pool of active researchers at a large university medical center in the southeastern US. Narrative responses to the writing prompts were coded and analyzed to assist post hoc interpretation of the quantitative data.ResultsWe hypothesized that participants in the consistency condition would find ethically ambiguous QRPs less defensible and would indicate less willingness to engage in them than participants in the control condition. The results showed that the consistency intervention had no significant effect on respondents’ reactions regarding the defensibility of the QRPs or their willingness to engage in them. Exploratory analyses considering the narrative themes of participants’ responses indicated that participants in the control condition expressed lower perceptions of QRP defensibility and willingness.ConclusionThe results did not support the main hypothesis, and the consistency intervention may have had the unwanted effect of inducing increased rationalization. These results may partially explain why RCR courses often seem to have little positive effect.

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Evidence-based Kernels: Fundamental Units of Behavioral Influence

Embry¹,

Biglan

2008

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

336

270

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This paper describes evidence-based kernels, fundamental units of behavioral influence that appear to underlie effective prevention and treatment for children, adults, and families. A kernel is a behavior-influence procedure shown through experimental analysis to affect a specific behavior and that is indivisible in the sense that removing any of its components would render it inert. Existing evidence shows that a variety of kernels can influence behavior in context, and some evidence suggests that frequent use or sufficient use of some kernels may produce longer lasting behavioral shifts. The analysis of kernels could contribute to an empirically based theory of behavioral influence, augment existing prevention or treatment efforts, facilitate the dissemination of effective prevention and treatment practices, clarify the active ingredients in existing interventions, and contribute to efficiently developing interventions that are more effective. Kernels involve one or more of the following mechanisms of behavior influence: reinforcement, altering antecedents, changing verbal relational responding, or changing physiological states directly. The paper describes 52 of these kernels, and details practical, theoretical, and research implications, including calling for a national database of kernels that influence human behavior.Keywords Evidence-based kernels Á Public-health benefits Á Prevention Á Treatment This paper presents an analysis of fundamental units of behavioral influence that underlie effective prevention and treatment. We call these units kernels. They have two defining features. First, in experimental analysis, researchers have found them to have a reliable effect on one or more specific behaviors. Second, they are fundamental units of behavior influence in the sense that deleting any component of a kernel would render it inert. Understanding kernels could contribute to an empirically based theory of behavioral influence, facilitate dissemination of effective prevention and treatment practices, clarify the active ingredients in existing interventions, and contribute to developing interventions that are more efficient and effective. Subsequent sections of this paper expand on the two essential features of evidence-based kernels, as well as the origins of the idea and terminology.The ultimate goals of treatment and prevention research are a reduction of the prevalence of the most common and costly problems of behavior and an increase in the prevalence of wellbeing. Current thinking about how to accomplish this assumes that we will identify empirically supported programs and, to a lesser extent, policies, and will disseminate them widely and effectively. Although substantial progress is occurring through this strategy, there are at least four limitations to it that point to the value of kernels as a complementary strategy.First, it is difficult to implement a program's efficacy widely with fidelity or effectiveness. Ringwalt et al. (2003) surveyed a sample of 1,795 school staff members who were i...

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Rocking the Vote

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Memahami Peranan Komunikasi dan Parti Berorientasikan Pasaran dalam Politik Malaysia

Memahami Peranan Komunikasi dan Parti Berorientasikan Pasaran dalam Politik Malaysia

Testing an active intervention to deter researchers’ use of questionable research practices

Evidence-based Kernels: Fundamental Units of Behavioral Influence

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