Rockfall seismic features analysis based on in situ tests: frequency, amplitude, and duration

Feng, Liang; Pazzi, Veronica; Intrieri, Emanuele; Gracchi, Teresa; Gigli, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/s11629-018-5286-6

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Now the extracting activities are stopped, and the potential collapse is dealt with by using mitigation measurements (Gigli et al 2014). A risk is also related to rockfall, for which more detailed information can be found in Feng et al (2019).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The validation of DESTRO has been done through a 2-day-long test where 90 rocks taken from the site were manually released along the slopes of Torgiovannetto quarry and recorded with two cameras and the seismic network. A detailed description of the experiment can be found in Feng et al (2019). To describe the classification capability of DESTRO, we defined three variables, true positive (TP), false positive (FP), and false negative (FN), respectively, equal to the number of rockfall correctly classified as rockfall, the number of events misclassified as rockfall, and the number of rockfalls misclassified as noise.…”

Section: Spatial Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

et al. 2020

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Rockfall risk is usually characterized by a high frequency of occurrence, difficulty in prediction (given high velocity, lack of noticeable forerunners, abrupt collapse, and complex mechanism), and a relatively high potential vulnerability, especially against people and communication routes. Considering that larger rockfalls and rockslides are generally anticipated by an increased occurrence of events, in this study, a framework based on microseismic monitoring is introduced for a temporal and spatial rockfall early warning. This approach is realized through the detection, classification, and localization of all the rockfalls recorded during a 6-month-long microseismic monitoring performed in a limestone quarry in central Italy. Then, in order to provide a temporal warning, an observable quantity of accumulated energy, associated to the rockfall rolling and bouncing and function of the number and volume of events in a certain time window, has been defined. This concept is based on the material failure method developed by Fukuzono-Voight. As soon as the first predicted time of failure and relative warning time are declared, all the rockfalls occurred in a previous time window can be located in a topographic map to find the rockfall susceptible area and thus to complement the warning with spatial information. This methodology has been successfully validated in an ex post analysis performed in the aforementioned quarry, where a large rockfall was forecasted with a lead time of 3 min. This framework provides a novel way for rockfall spatiotemporal early warning, and it could be helpful for activating traffic lights and closing mountain roads or other transportation lines using the knowledge of the time and location of a failure. Since this approach is not based on the detection of the triggering events (like for early warnings based on rainfall thresholds), it can be used also for earthquake-induced failures.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spatial Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

et al. 2020

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“…The influence of block shape, block size and slope topography on the runout distance has been investigated only by a small number of studies (Azzoni and de Freitas, 1995;Haas et al, 2012;Fityus et al, 2013) and mainly in case studies or tests under laboratory conditions (Okura et al, 2000;Glover et al, 2015, Cui et al, 2017Wang et al, 2018;Gratchev and Saeidi, 2019). Haas et al (2012) already stated in their case study that the influence of the lithology on block shape and block size must be investigated with a broader view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be done e.g. in areas with different lithological settings, as the size and shape of rock fragments are determined by their lithological properties, among other influencing factors (Haas et al, 2012;Fityus et al, 2013). Some studies have described the deposition of boulders on the talus cone as gravitational sorting, where larger blocks are deposited in the distal part and smaller blocks on the upper part of the talus slope (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effect of lithological setting, block characteristics and slope topography on the runout length of rockfalls in the Alps and on the island of La Réunion

Wegner

Haas

Heckmann

et al. 2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In four study areas within different lithological settings and rockfall activity, lidar data were applied for a morphometric analysis of block sizes, block shapes and talus cone characteristics. This information was used to investigate the dependencies between block size, block shape and lithology on the one hand and runout distances on the other hand. In our study, we were able to show that lithology seems to have an influence on block size and shape and that gravitational sorting did not occur on all of the studied debris cones but that other parameters apparently control the runout length of boulders. Such a parameter seems to be the block shape, as it plays the role of a moderating parameter in two of the four study sites, while we could not confirm this for our other study sites. We also investigated the influence of terrain parameters such as slope inclination, profile curvature and roughness. The derived roughness values show a clear difference between the four study sites and seem to be a good proxy for block size distribution on the talus cones and thus could be used in further studies to analyse a larger sample of block size distribution on talus cones with different lithologies.

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“…Kirkby and Statham, 40 1975, Meißl, 1998, Agliardi and Crosta, 2003, Dorren 2003, Copons et al, 2009, Jaboyedoff and Labiouse, 2011, Frattini et al, 2012, Nappi et al, 2013, Wichmann, 2017, Volkwein et al, 2018, Caviezel et al, 2019, as well as on the measurement of rockfall activity by seismic monitoring (e.g. Vilajosana et al, 2008, Hibert et al, 2011, Farin et al, 2015, Dietze et al, 2017a, Dietze et al, 2017b, Durand et al, 2018, Feng et al, 2019. Most of these studies use LiDAR (light detection and ranging), techniques such as airborne laser scanning (ALS) as well as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) to improve the understanding of 45 this geomorphic process (e.g.…”

Section: Introduction 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effect of lithological setting, block characteristic and slope topography on the runout length of rockfalls in the Alps and on the La Réunion island

Wegner

Haas

Heckmann

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. In high mountain regions, rockfalls are common processes, which transport different volumes of material and therefore endanger populated areas and infrastructure facilities. In four study areas within different lithological settings, LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data were acquired for a morphometric analysis of block sizes, block shapes and talus cone characteristics. Based on these high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data, the three axes of every block larger than 0.5 m in the referenced point cloud were measured. Block sizes and shapes are used to investigate them in the context of runout distances and to analyse the spatial distribution of blocks on the talus cone. We also investigate the influence of terrain parameters such as slope inclination, roughness and profile curvature (longitudinal profiles). Our study shows that the relation of block size within different lithological settings on runout length is complex, because we can neither confirm nor reject the theory of gravitational sorting. We also found that the block shape (axial ratio) does not have a simple influence on runout length, as it plays the role of a moderating parameter in two study sites (Gampenalm: GA, Dreitorspitze: DTS) while we could not confirm this for Piton de la Fournaise (PF) and Zwieselbach valley (ZBT). The derived roughness values show a clear difference between the four study sites. This also applies for the parameter of slope inclination and longitudinal profiles.

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Rockfall seismic features analysis based on in situ tests: frequency, amplitude, and duration

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

Assessing the effect of lithological setting, block characteristics and slope topography on the runout length of rockfalls in the Alps and on the island of La Réunion

Assessing the effect of lithological setting, block characteristic and slope topography on the runout length of rockfalls in the Alps and on the La Réunion island

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