Rockfall localization from seismic polarization considering multiple triaxial geophones and frequency bands

Feng, Liang; Pazzi, Veronica; Intrieri, Emanuele; Gracchi, Teresa; Gigli, Giovanni; Tucci, Grazia

doi:10.1007/s11629-020-6132-1

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…4b). All the estimated positions are closely distributed along the real rockfall trajectory; the maximum error is impact #4 with 48.2 m, and the minimum error is impact #1 with 10.2 m. The details about this method are described in Feng et al (2020b).…”

Section: Spatial Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

et al. 2020

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Rockfall risk is usually characterized by a high frequency of occurrence, difficulty in prediction (given high velocity, lack of noticeable forerunners, abrupt collapse, and complex mechanism), and a relatively high potential vulnerability, especially against people and communication routes. Considering that larger rockfalls and rockslides are generally anticipated by an increased occurrence of events, in this study, a framework based on microseismic monitoring is introduced for a temporal and spatial rockfall early warning. This approach is realized through the detection, classification, and localization of all the rockfalls recorded during a 6-month-long microseismic monitoring performed in a limestone quarry in central Italy. Then, in order to provide a temporal warning, an observable quantity of accumulated energy, associated to the rockfall rolling and bouncing and function of the number and volume of events in a certain time window, has been defined. This concept is based on the material failure method developed by Fukuzono-Voight. As soon as the first predicted time of failure and relative warning time are declared, all the rockfalls occurred in a previous time window can be located in a topographic map to find the rockfall susceptible area and thus to complement the warning with spatial information. This methodology has been successfully validated in an ex post analysis performed in the aforementioned quarry, where a large rockfall was forecasted with a lead time of 3 min. This framework provides a novel way for rockfall spatiotemporal early warning, and it could be helpful for activating traffic lights and closing mountain roads or other transportation lines using the knowledge of the time and location of a failure. Since this approach is not based on the detection of the triggering events (like for early warnings based on rainfall thresholds), it can be used also for earthquake-induced failures.

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Section: Spatial Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

et al. 2020

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“…In a microseismic monitoring technique, signals that naturally occur within the rock mass as a consequence of internal stresses are recorded by a network of sensors that are pre-installed on the rock surface or inside the rock mass. These signals include useful information for characterizing the seismic events and can be used to extract the event onset time, location, trajectory, and volume [18][19][20][21]. In microseismic monitoring of unstable rock slopes, a large number of seismic events can be detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclassification of Microseismic Events through Hypocenter Location: Case Study on an Unstable Rock Face in Northern Italy

et al. 2021

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Passive seismic methods are increasingly used in monitoring unstable rock slopes that are likely to cause rockfalls. Event classification is a basic step in microseismic monitoring. However, the classification of events generated by the propagation of fractures and rockfalls is still uncertain due to their similar features in the time and frequency domains. Hypocenter localization might be a powerful tool to distinguish events generated by fracture propagation from those caused by rockfalls. In this study, a classification procedure based on hypocenter location was validated using a selected subset of high-quality data recorded by a five-geophone network installed on a steep rock slope in Northern Italy. Considering the complexity and heterogeneity of the rock mass, a 3D velocity model that was derived from a tomographic experiment was used. We performed the localization using the equal differential time method. The location results fairly fit our expectations on suspected rockfall events because most signals were located near the rock face. However, only 4 out of 20 suspected fracture events were unquestionably confirmed as fractures being located inside the rock mass and far enough from the rock face. Further improvements in location accuracy are still necessary to distinguish suspected fracture events located close to the rock face from rockfalls. This study demonstrates that hypocenter location is a promising method to improve the final classification of microseismic events.

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Characterizing large rockfalls using their seismic signature: A case study of Hongya rockfall

Wang

et al. 2023

Engineering Geology

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Rockfall localization from seismic polarization considering multiple triaxial geophones and frequency bands

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

A framework for temporal and spatial rockfall early warning using micro-seismic monitoring

Reclassification of Microseismic Events through Hypocenter Location: Case Study on an Unstable Rock Face in Northern Italy

Characterizing large rockfalls using their seismic signature: A case study of Hongya rockfall

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